SEC Filing | Booz Allen Hamilton

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bah-20210930

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

___________________________________

FORM 10-Q

___________________________________

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File No. 001-34972

___________________________________

Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

___________________________________

Delaware

26-2634160

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

8283 Greensboro Drive,

McLean,

Virginia

22102

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(703) 902-5000

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year if changed since last report.)

___________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Class A Common Stock	BAH	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer

☒

Accelerated Filer

☐

Non-Accelerated Filer

Smaller Reporting Company

☐

Emerging Growth Company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


			Shares Outstanding as of October 26, 2021
Class A Common Stock			133,896,656

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I. Financial Information		1
ITEM 1	Financial Statements	1
ITEM 2	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
ITEM 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	43
ITEM 4	Controls and Procedures	43
PART II. Other Information		44
ITEM 1	Legal Proceedings	44
ITEM 1A	Risk Factors	45
ITEM 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	46
ITEM 3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	46
ITEM 4	Mine Safety Disclosures	47
ITEM 5	Other Information	47
ITEM 6	Exhibits	48

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

INDEX TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


			Page
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets			1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations			2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income			3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			4
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity			5
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Business Overview			7
2. Basis of Presentation			7
3. Revenue			7
4. Earnings Per Share			10
5. Acquisition, Goodwill and Intangible Assets			12

6. Accounts Payable and Other Accrued Expenses			14
7. Accrued Compensation and Benefits			15
8. Debt			15
9. Derivatives			17
10. Income Taxes			18
11. Other Long Term Liabilities			19
12. Employee Benefit Plans			19
13. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			20
14. Stock Based Compensation			20
15. Fair Value Measurements			21
16. Related Party Transactions			23
17. Commitments and Contingencies			23

Table of Contents

BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)


	September 30, 2021		March 31, 2021

	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	788,697	$	990,955
Accounts receivable, net	1,511,579		1,411,894
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	119,633		233,323
Total current assets	2,419,909		2,636,172
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation	195,214		204,642
Operating lease right-of-use assets	234,150		239,374
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization	682,280		307,128
Goodwill	2,022,830		1,581,160
Other long-term assets	471,409		531,125
Total assets	$	6,025,792	$	5,499,601
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	68,379	$	77,865
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	858,805		666,971
Accrued compensation and benefits	384,694		425,615
Operating lease liabilities	55,258		54,956
Other current liabilities	70,148		65,698
Total current liabilities	1,437,284		1,291,105
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,764,083		2,278,731
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	254,103		263,144
Deferred tax liabilities	282,344		364,461
Other long-term liabilities	239,880		230,984
Total liabilities	4,977,694		4,428,425
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, Class A — $0.01 par value — authorized, 600,000,000 shares; issued, 163,627,651 shares at September 30, 2021 and 162,950,606 shares at March 31, 2021; outstanding, 134,325,110 shares at September 30, 2021 and 136,246,029 shares at March 31, 2021	1,636		1,629
Treasury stock, at cost — 29,302,541 shares at September 30, 2021 and 26,704,577 shares at March 31, 2021	(1,433,136)		(1,216,163)
Additional paid-in capital	600,930		557,957
Retained earnings	1,902,667		1,757,524
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(23,999)		(29,771)
Total stockholders’ equity	1,048,098		1,071,176
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	6,025,792	$	5,499,601

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020

Revenue	$	2,106,038	$	2,019,185	$	4,095,104	$	3,975,638
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue	947,689		942,597		1,910,408		1,891,499
Billable expenses	640,120		603,652		1,195,665		1,152,729
General and administrative expenses	262,260		244,700		564,060		490,555
Depreciation and amortization	37,602		21,015		65,347		41,747
Total operating costs and expenses	1,887,671		1,811,964		3,735,480		3,576,530
Operating income	218,367		207,221		359,624		399,108
Interest expense	(24,254)		(19,787)		(45,524)		(40,022)
Other income (expense), net	6,848		(12,034)		6,315		(12,870)
Income before income taxes	200,961		175,400		320,415		346,216
Income tax expense	46,127		39,319		73,479		80,806
Net income	$	154,834	$	136,081	$	246,936	$	265,410
Earnings per common share (Note 4):
Basic	$	1.14	$	0.98	$	1.82	$	1.91
Diluted	$	1.14	$	0.98	$	1.81	$	1.90

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020

Net income	$	154,834	$	136,081	$	246,936	$	265,410
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Change in unrealized gain on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges	2,739		3,664		5,733		2,225
Change in postretirement plan costs	20		22		39		44
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax	2,759		3,686		5,772		2,269
Comprehensive income	$	157,593	$	139,767	$	252,708	$	267,679

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in thousands)


	Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020

Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	246,936	$	265,410
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	65,347		41,747
Noncash lease expense	27,664		26,891
Stock-based compensation expense	28,428		25,632
Amortization of debt issuance costs	2,294		2,176
Loss on debt extinguishment	2,515		13,239
(Gains) losses on dispositions, and other	(3,018)		25
Gain on consolidation of equity method investment	(5,666)		—
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	(43,125)		(8,606)
Deferred income taxes and income taxes receivable / payable	59,350		51,846
Prepaid expenses and other current and long-term assets	(27,747)		(13,943)

Accrued compensation and benefits	(25,268)		22,788
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	149,586		154,140
Other current and long-term liabilities	(17,550)		(15,321)


Net cash provided by operating activities	459,746		566,024
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property, equipment, and software	(29,675)		(38,084)

Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(779,581)		—

Cash paid for cost method investment	(2,000)		—

Net cash used in investing activities	(811,256)		(38,084)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	11,526		9,092
Stock option exercises	3,016		6,492
Repurchases of common stock	(232,381)		(116,291)
Cash dividends paid	(101,869)		(86,836)
Debt extinguishment costs	—		(8,971)
Repayments on revolving credit facility and term loan	(78,067)		(488,933)
Net proceeds from debt issuance	487,027		691,496
Proceeds from revolving credit facility	60,000		—
Other financing activities	—		(700)
Net cash provided by financing activities	149,252		5,349
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(202,258)		533,289
Cash and cash equivalents––beginning of period	990,955		741,901
Cash and cash equivalents––end of period	$	788,697	$	1,275,190
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Net cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	27,658	$	32,282
Income taxes	$	15,249	$	24,451

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents


BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)	Class A Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
Balance at June 30, 2021	163,464,754	$	1,635	(28,035,397)	$	(1,327,601)	$	577,228	$	1,799,029	$	(26,758)	$	1,023,533
Issuance of common stock	99,738	—		—	—		5,643		—		—		5,643
Stock options exercised	63,159	1		—	—		1,222		—		—		1,223
Repurchase of common stock	—	—		(1,267,144)	(105,535)		–		—		—		(105,535)
Recognition of liability related to future restricted stock units vesting	—	—		—	—		853		—		—		853
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		154,834		—		154,834

Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—	—		–		—		2,759		2,759
Dividends declared of $0.37 per share of common stock	—	—		—	—		–		(51,196)		—		(51,196)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		15,984		—		—		15,984
Balance at September 30, 2021	163,627,651	$	1,636	(29,302,541)	$	(1,433,136)	$	600,930	$	1,902,667	$	(23,999)	$	1,048,098

Balance at March 31, 2021	162,950,606	$	1,629	(26,704,577)	$	(1,216,163)	$	557,957	$	1,757,524	$	(29,771)	$	1,071,176

Issuance of common stock	558,681	6		—	—		10,317		—		—		10,323
Stock options exercised	118,364	1		—	—		3,015		—		—		3,016
Repurchase of common stock (1)	—	—		(2,597,964)	(216,973)		—		—		—		(216,973)
Recognition of liability related to future restricted stock units vesting	—	—		—	—		1,213		—		—		1,213
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		246,936		—		246,936
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		—		5,772		5,772
Dividends declared of $0.74 per share of common stock	—	—		—	—		—		(101,793)		—		(101,793)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		28,428				—		28,428
Balance at September 30, 2021	163,627,651	$	1,636	(29,302,541)	$	(1,433,136)	$	600,930	$	1,902,667	$	(23,999)	$	1,048,098

(1) During the six months ended September 30, 2021, the Company purchased 2.4 million shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock in a series of open market transactions for $203.7 million. Additionally, the Company repurchased shares for $13.3 million during the six months ended September 30, 2021 to cover the minimum statutory withholding taxes on restricted stock units that vested on various dates during the period.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED) [CONTINUED]
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)	Class A Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
Balance at June 30, 2020	161,856,727	$	1,618	(23,659,991)	$	(973,601)	$	486,739	$	1,415,129	$	(47,418)	$	882,467
Issuance of common stock	81,482	2		—	—		4,667		—		—		4,669
Stock options exercised	141,125	1		—	—		3,366		—		—		3,367
Repurchase of common stock	—	—		(394,742)	(30,049)		—		—		—		(30,049)
Recognition of liability related to future restricted stock units vesting	—	—		—	—		(59)		—		—		(59)
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		136,081		—		136,081
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		—		3,686		3,686
Dividends paid of $0.31 per share of common stock	—	—		—	—		—		(43,004)		—		(43,004)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		14,799		—		—		14,799
Balance at September 30, 2020	162,079,334	$	1,621	(24,054,733)	$	(1,003,650)	$	509,512	$	1,508,206	$	(43,732)	$	971,957

Balance at March 31, 2020	161,333,973	$	1,613	(22,614,052)	$	(898,095)	$	468,027	$	1,330,812	$	(46,001)	$	856,356
Topic 326 adoption impact	—	—		—	—		—		(1,180)		—		(1,180)
Issuance of common stock	443,338	5		—	—		9,087				—		9,092
Stock options exercised	302,023	3		—	—		6,489		—		—		6,492
Repurchase of common stock (2)	—	—		(1,440,681)	(105,555)		—		—		—		(105,555)
Recognition of liability related to future restricted stock units vesting	—	—		—	—		280		—		—		280
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		265,410		—		265,410
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		—		2,269		2,269
Dividends paid of $0.62 per share of common stock	—	—		—	—		—		(86,836)		—		(86,836)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		25,629		—		—		25,629
Balance at September 30, 2020	162,079,334	$	1,621	(24,054,733)	$	(1,003,650)	$	509,512	$	1,508,206	$	(43,732)	$	971,957

(2) During the six months ended September 30, 2020, the Company purchased 1.3 million shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock in a series of open market transactions for $96.4 million. Additionally, the Company repurchased shares for $9.2 million during the six months ended September 30, 2020 to cover the minimum statutory withholding taxes on restricted stock units that vested on various dates during the period.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

1. BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation, including its wholly owned subsidiaries, or the Company, we, us, and our, was incorporated in Delaware in May 2008. The Company provides management and technology consulting, analytics, engineering, digital solutions, mission operations, and cyber services to U.S. and international governments, major corporations, and not-for-profit organizations. The Company reports operating results and financial data in one reportable segment. The Company is headquartered in McLean, Virginia, with approximately 29,200 employees as of September 30, 2021.

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, and should be read in conjunction with the information contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2021. The interim period unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented as described below. Certain information and disclosures normally required for annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to GAAP and SEC rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for fair presentation of the results of the interim period presented have been included. The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31 and unless otherwise noted, references to fiscal year or fiscal are for fiscal years ended March 31. The results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes of the Company include its subsidiaries, and the joint ventures and partnerships over which the Company has a controlling financial interest. The Company uses the equity method to account for investments in entities that it does not control if it is otherwise able to exert significant influence over the entities' operating and financial policies.

Certain amounts reported in the Company's prior year condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Areas of the financial statements where estimates may have the most significant effect include the provision for claimed indirect costs, valuation and lives of tangible and intangible assets, impairment of long-lived assets, accrued liabilities, revenue recognition, including the accrual of indirect costs, bonus and other incentive compensation, stock-based compensation, reserves for uncertain tax positions and valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, provisions for income taxes, postretirement obligations, collectability of receivables, and loss accruals for litigation. Actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially from management's estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2020, the SEC issued Release No. 33-10890, Amendments to Management's Discussion and Analysis, Selected Financial Data, and Supplementary Financial Information, to simplify, modernize and enhance certain financial disclosure requirements in Regulation S-K. This amendment became effective on February 10, 2021. The Company’s adoption is expected to impact fiscal 2022 Form 10-K disclosures.

Other accounting and reporting pronouncements effective after September 30, 2021 and issued through the filing date are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

3. REVENUE

The Company's revenues from contracts with customers (clients) are derived from offerings that include consulting, analytics, digital solutions, engineering, mission, and cyber services, substantially with the U.S. government and its agencies and, to a lesser extent, subcontractors. The Company also serves foreign governments, as well as domestic and international commercial clients. The Company performs under various types of contracts, which include cost-reimbursable contracts, time-and-materials contracts, and fixed-price contracts.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Contract Estimates

Many of our contracts recognize revenue under a contract cost-based input method and require an Estimate-at-Completion ("EAC") process, which management uses to review and monitor the progress towards the completion of our performance obligations. Under this process, management considers various inputs and assumptions related to the EAC, including, but not limited to, progress towards completion, labor costs and productivity, material and subcontractor costs, and identified risks. Estimating the total cost at the completion of our performance obligations is subjective and requires management to make assumptions about future activity and cost drivers under the contract. Changes in these estimates can occur for a variety of reasons and, if significant, may impact the revenue and profitability of the Company’s contracts. Changes in estimates related to contracts accounted for under the EAC process are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period when such changes are determinable and reasonably estimable. If the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on a contract, the Company recognizes the total loss at the time it is identified. For each of the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the aggregate impact of adjustments in contract estimates was not material.

Disaggregation of Revenue

We disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers by contract type, customer, as well as whether the Company acts as prime contractor or subcontractor, as we believe these categories best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following series of tables presents our revenue disaggregated by these categories.

Revenue by Contract Type:

We generate revenue under the following three basic types of contracts:

•Cost-Reimbursable Contracts: Cost-reimbursable contracts provide for the payment of allowable costs incurred during performance of the contract, up to a ceiling based on the amount that has been funded, plus a fixed fee or award fee.

•Time-and-Materials Contracts: Under contracts in this category, we are paid a fixed hourly rate for each direct labor hour expended, and we are reimbursed for billable material costs and billable out-of-pocket expenses inclusive of allocable indirect costs. We assume the financial risk on time-and-materials contracts because our costs of performance may exceed negotiated hourly rates.

•Fixed-Price Contracts: Under a fixed-price contract, we agree to perform the specified work for a predetermined price. To the extent our actual direct and allocated indirect costs decrease or increase from the estimates upon which the price was negotiated, we will generate more or less profit, respectively, or could incur a loss.

The table below presents the total revenue for each type of contract:


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021				2020				2021				2020
Cost-reimbursable	$	1,127,189	53	%	$	1,138,501	56	%	$	2,242,614	55	%	$	2,230,549	56	%
Time-and-materials	500,263		24	%	504,663		25	%	997,713		24	%	1,007,209		25	%
Fixed-price	478,586		23	%	376,021		19	%	854,777		21	%	737,880		19	%
Total Revenue	$	2,106,038	100	%	$	2,019,185	100	%	$	4,095,104	100	%	$	3,975,638	100	%

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Revenue by Customer Type:


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021				2020				2021				2020
U.S. government(1):
Defense Clients	$	999,174	48	%	$	1,005,555	50	%	$	1,975,101	48	%	$	1,940,170	49	%
Intelligence Clients	393,569		19	%	390,383		19	%	770,325		19	%	793,052		20	%
Civil Clients	662,261		31	%	569,125		28	%	1,255,156		31	%	1,128,327		28	%
Total U.S. government	2,055,004		98	%	1,965,063		97	%	4,000,582		98	%	3,861,549		97	%
Global Commercial Clients	51,034		2	%	54,122		3	%	94,522		2	%	114,089		3	%
Total Revenue	$	2,106,038	100	%	$	2,019,185	100	%	$	4,095,104	100	%	$	3,975,638	100	%

(1) Certain contracts were reassigned between the various verticals of our U.S. government business shown in the table above to better align our operations to the customers we serve within each market. Prior year revenue by customer type has been recast to reflect the changes.

Revenue by Whether the Company Acts as a Prime Contractor or a Subcontractor:


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021				2020				2021				2020
Prime Contractor	$	1,978,216	94	%	$	1,880,778	93	%	$	3,839,939	94	%	$	3,684,382	93	%
Subcontractor	127,822		6	%	138,407		7	%	255,165		6	%	291,256		7	%
Total Revenue	$	2,106,038	100	%	$	2,019,185	100	%	$	4,095,104	100	%	$	3,975,638	100	%

Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of exercised contracts for which work has not yet been performed, irrespective of whether funding has or has not been authorized and appropriated as of the date of exercise. Remaining performance obligations exclude negotiated but unexercised options, the unfunded value of expired contracts, and certain variable consideration which the Company does not expect to recognize as revenue.

As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the Company had $8.1 billion and $6.7 billion of remaining performance obligations, respectively. We expect to recognize approximately 70% of the remaining performance obligations at September 30, 2021 as revenue over the next 12 months, and approximately 85% over the next 24 months. The remainder is expected to be recognized thereafter.

Contract Balances

The Company's performance obligations are typically satisfied over time and revenue is generally recognized using a cost-based input method. Fixed-price contracts are typically billed to the customer using milestone or fixed monthly payments, while cost-reimbursable-plus-fee and time-and-material contracts are typically billed to the customer at periodic intervals (e.g. monthly or weekly) as indicated by the terms of the contract. Disparities between the timing of revenue recognition and customer billings and cash collections result in net contract assets or liabilities being recognized at the end of each reporting period.

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(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Contract assets primarily consist of unbilled receivables typically resulting from revenue recognized exceeding the amount billed to the customer and right to payment is not just subject to the passage of time. Unbilled amounts represent revenues for which billings have not been presented to customers at quarter-end or year-end. These amounts are generally billed and collected within one year subject to various conditions including, without limitation, appropriated and available funding. Long-term unbilled receivables not anticipated to be billed and collected within one year, which are primarily related to retainage, holdbacks, and long-term rate settlements to be billed at contract closeout, are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities primarily consist of advance payments, billings in excess of costs incurred and deferred revenue. Contract assets and liabilities are reported on a net contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses to provide for an estimate of uncollectible receivables. Provision for credit losses recognized was not material for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

The following table summarizes the contract assets and liabilities, and accounts receivable, net of allowance recognized on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets:


	Contract Balances	September 30, 2021		March 31, 2021
Current assets
Accounts receivable–billed		$	426,571	$	375,383
Accounts receivable–unbilled	Contract assets	1,085,008		1,037,968
Allowance for credit losses		—		(1,457)
Accounts receivable, net		1,511,579		1,411,894
Other long-term assets
Accounts receivable–unbilled	Contract assets	64,084		63,869
Total accounts receivable, net		$	1,575,663	$	1,475,763
Other current liabilities
Advance payments, billings in excess of costs incurred and deferred revenue	Contract liabilities	$	14,878	$	15,906

Changes in contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily due to the timing difference between the Company’s performance of services and billings to customers. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we recognized revenue of $2.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we recognized revenue of $14.2 million and $22.0 million, respectively, related to our contract liabilities on April 1, 2021 and 2020, respectively. To determine revenue recognized from contract liabilities during the reporting periods, the Company allocates revenue to individual contract liability balances and applies revenue recognized during the reporting periods first to the beginning balances of contract liabilities until the revenue exceeds the balances.

4. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes basic and diluted earnings per share amounts based on net income for the periods presented. The Company uses the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period to calculate basic earnings per share, or EPS. Diluted EPS adjusts the weighted average number of shares outstanding to include the dilutive effect of outstanding common stock options and other stock-based awards.

The Company currently has outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock. Unvested Class A Restricted Common Stock holders are entitled to participate in non-forfeitable dividends or other distributions. These unvested restricted shares participated in the Company's dividends declared and were paid in the first and second quarters of fiscal 2022 and 2021. As such, EPS is calculated using the two-class method whereby earnings are reduced by distributed earnings as well as any available undistributed earnings allocable to holders of unvested restricted shares. A reconciliation of the income used to compute basic and diluted EPS for the periods presented are as follows:

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(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Earnings for basic computations (1)	$	153,742	$	135,283	$	245,418	$	263,951
Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic computations	134,759,240		137,882,906		135,158,270		138,017,120
Earnings for diluted computations (1)	$	153,745	$	135,286	$	245,422	$	263,958
Dilutive stock options and restricted stock	557,189		864,734		689,278		987,262
Weighted-average common shares outstanding for diluted computations	135,316,429		138,747,640		135,847,548		139,004,382
Earnings per common share
Basic	$	1.14	$	0.98	$	1.82	$	1.91
Diluted	$	1.14	$	0.98	$	1.81	$	1.90

(1) During the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 1.0 million and 0.8 million participating securities were paid dividends totaling $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively. During the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 0.8 million and 0.8 million participating securities were paid dividends totaling $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, there were undistributed earnings of $0.7 million and $0.5 million, respectively, allocated to the participating class of securities in both basic and diluted EPS. For the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, there were undistributed earnings of $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively, allocated to the participating class of securities in both basic and diluted EPS. The allocated undistributed earnings and the dividends paid comprise the difference between net income presented on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and earnings for basic and diluted computations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

The EPS calculation for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 excludes 0.1 million and 0.3 million options, respectively, as their impact was anti-dilutive. The EPS calculation for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 excludes 0.1 million and 0.2 million options, respectively, as their impact was anti-dilutive.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

5. ACQUISITION, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Acquisitions

Tracepoint Holdings, LLC

On September 10, 2021, the Company acquired the remaining 60% equity interest in Tracepoint Holdings, LLC ("Tracepoint"), an industry-leading digital forensics and incident response company serving public and private sector clients, for cash consideration of approximately $120.0 million, net of adjustments (the "Tracepoint Transaction"). As a result of the transaction, Tracepoint and Tracepoint, LLC became wholly owned subsidiaries of Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. The acquisition complements the Company’s existing cybersecurity portfolio and expands its position in the private sector cyber market.

Prior to the closing of the Tracepoint Transaction, the Company held a 40% interest in Tracepoint, which was accounted for as an equity method investment. The equity method investment associated with Tracepoint was remeasured at fair value on the closing date of the Tracepoint Transaction, resulting in a gain of $5.7 million. This gain is presented as a component of Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021. The fair value of the previously held equity method investment was determined based upon valuations of the Tracepoint business and future business outlook using projected future cash flows.

Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company has 120 days after closing to provide proposed post-closing working capital adjustments to the sellers which are subject to dispute. The final purchase price allocations will be completed after the underlying information has been finalized and agreed upon by the sellers and the Company.

The Company recognized $90.5 million of intangible assets which primarily consists of channel relationships. Channel relationships were valued using the excess earnings method discounted cash flow approach, incorporating Level 3 inputs as described under the fair value hierarchy of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) No. 820, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820). These unobservable inputs reflect the Company's own judgment about which assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset on a non-recurring basis. The intangible asset is expected to be amortized over the estimated useful life of 10 years. The goodwill of $95.2 million is largely attributable to Tracepoint's specialized workforce.

Liberty IT Solutions, LLC

On June 11, 2021, the Company acquired Liberty IT Solutions, LLC ("Liberty") for cash consideration of approximately $669.1 million, net of adjustments related to working capital, and transaction costs incurred as part of the acquisition, including compensation expenses paid by the Company that were associated with employee retention. As a result of the transaction, Liberty became a wholly owned subsidiary of Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. Liberty is a leading digital partner driving transformation across the federal IT ecosystem. The acquisition complements the Company’s digital transformation portfolio resulting in a deeper range of advanced technology solutions.

The Company recognized $309.0 million of intangible assets which consist of programs and contracts assets, and were valued using the excess earnings method discounted cash flow approach, incorporating Level 3 inputs as described under the fair value hierarchy of Topic 820. These unobservable inputs reflect the Company's own judgment about which assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset on a non-recurring basis. The intangible assets are expected to be amortized over the estimated useful life of 12 years. The goodwill of $346.5 million is primarily attributable to Liberty's specialized workforce and the expected synergies between the Company and Liberty.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Purchase Price Allocation

The following table summarizes the cumulative consideration paid and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price paid for Tracepoint and Liberty:


Cash consideration (gross of cash acquired and including net adjustments)	$	789,108
Fair value of non-controlling interest	79,997
Total purchase consideration	869,105

Purchase price allocation:
Cash	9,096
Current assets	57,562
Operating lease right-of-use asset	2,532
Other long-term assets	2,495
Intangible assets	399,500
Current liabilities	(41,216)
Operating lease liabilities-current	(1,017)
Operating lease liabilities-long term	(1,516)
Total fair value of identifiable net assets acquired	$	427,436

Preliminary goodwill	$	441,669

The acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint were accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting, which requires the total acquisition consideration to be allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on an estimate of the acquisition date fair value, with the difference reflected in goodwill.

The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are preliminary and based on valuation estimates and assumptions. The accounting for business combinations require estimates and judgments regarding expectations of future cash flows of the acquired business, and the allocations of those cash flows to identifiable tangible and intangible assets. The estimates and assumptions underlying the preliminary valuations are subject to collection of information necessary to complete the valuations (specifically related to projected financial information) within the measurement periods, which are up to one year from the respective acquisition dates. Although the Company does not currently expect material changes to the initial value of net assets acquired, the Company continues to evaluate assumptions related to the valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Any adjustments to our estimates of purchase price allocation will be made in the periods in which the adjustments are determined, and the cumulative effect of such adjustments will be calculated as if the adjustments had been completed as of the acquisition dates. Adjustments recorded during the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 were not material to our results from operations. As of September 30, 2021, the Company has not finalized the determination of fair values allocated to various assets and liabilities, including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, intangible assets, property, plant, and equipment, other current and long-term assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and goodwill.

Pro forma results of operations for these acquisitions in the aggregate are not presented because these acquisitions are not material to the Company's condensed consolidated results of operations.

Goodwill

As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, goodwill was $2,022.8 million and $1,581.2 million, respectively. The increase in the carrying amount of goodwill was attributable to the Company's acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint, and the majority of goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2021						March 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Value		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Value

Amortizable intangible assets:
Customer relationships and other amortizable intangible assets(1)	$	481,900	$	69,366	$	412,534	$	82,400	$	50,503	$	31,897
Software	121,518		41,972		79,546		114,972		29,941		85,031
Total amortizable intangible assets	$	603,418	$	111,338	$	492,080	$	197,372	$	80,444	$	116,928
Unamortizable intangible assets:
Trade name	$	190,200	$	—	$	190,200	$	190,200	$	—	$	190,200
Total	$	793,618	$	111,338	$	682,280	$	387,572	$	80,444	$	307,128

(1)The increase in the carrying amount of customer relationships and other amortizable intangible assets was attributable to the Company's acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint.

The following table summarizes the remainder of fiscal 2022 and estimated annual amortization expense for future periods:


Fiscal Year Ending
Remainder of 2022	$	44,563
2023	82,319
2024	68,904
2025	59,591
2026	52,732
Thereafter	183,971
	$	492,080

Amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 was $20.4 million and $5.0 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 was $30.7 million and $9.8 million, respectively.

6. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accounts payable and other accrued expenses consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2021		March 31, 2021
Vendor payables	$	483,807	$	371,744
Accrued expenses	374,998		295,227
Total accounts payable and other accrued expenses	$	858,805	$	666,971

Accrued expenses consisted primarily of the Company’s provision for claimed indirect costs, which were approximately $276.9 million and $263.2 million as of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 17 for further discussion of this provision.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

7. ACCRUED COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS

Accrued compensation and benefits consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2021		March 31, 2021
Bonus	$	56,052	$	130,565
Retirement	79,724		44,474
Vacation	204,486		202,100
Other	44,432		48,476
Total accrued compensation and benefits	$	384,694	$	425,615

8. DEBT

Debt consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2021				March 31, 2021
	Interest Rate		Outstanding Balance		Interest Rate		Outstanding Balance
Term Loan A	1.58	%	$	1,273,642	1.61	%	$	1,289,764
Term Loan B	1.83	%	382,266		1.86	%	384,212

Senior Notes due 2028	3.88	%	700,000		3.88	%	700,000
Senior Notes due 2029	4.00	%	500,000		—	%	—
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs and discount on debt			(23,446)				(17,380)
Total			2,832,462				2,356,596
Less: Current portion of long-term debt			(68,379)				(77,865)
Long-term debt, net of current portion			$	2,764,083			$	2,278,731

Credit Agreement

On June 24, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. ("Booz Allen Hamilton"), Booz Allen Hamilton Investor Corporation ("Investor"), and certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of Booz Allen Hamilton, entered into the eighth amendment (the "Eighth Amendment") to the Credit Agreement dated as of July 31, 2012, as amended (the "Existing Credit Agreement" and, as amended, the "Credit Agreement"), with certain institutional lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. The Eighth Amendment added an additional tier in the pricing grid and extended the maturity applicable to both the Term Loan A ("Term Loan A") and revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") to June 24, 2026, increased the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility and the letter of credit sublimit thereunder, and made certain other amendments to the financial covenants and other terms under the Existing Credit Agreement. The interest rate and maturity date applicable to Term Loan B ("Term Loan B" and, together with Term Loan A, the "Term Loans") remained unchanged.

As of September 30, 2021, the Credit Agreement provided Booz Allen Hamilton with a $1,273.6 million Term Loan A, a $382.3 million Term Loan B, and a $1,000.0 million Revolving Credit Facility, with a sub-limit for letters of credit of $200.0 million (collectively, the "Secured Credit Facility"). As of September 30, 2021, the maturity date of Term Loan B was November 26, 2026. Booz Allen Hamilton’s obligations and the guarantors’ guarantees under the Credit Agreement (the "Guarantee") are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets (including capital stock of subsidiaries) of Booz Allen Hamilton, Investor, and the subsidiary guarantors, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement and related documentation. Subject to specified conditions, without the consent of the then-existing lenders (but subject to the receipt of commitments), the Term Loans or the Revolving Credit Facility may be expanded (or a new term loan facility or revolving credit facility added to the existing facilities) by up to (i) the greater of (x) $909 million and (y) 100% of consolidated EBITDA of Booz Allen Hamilton, as of the end of the most recently ended four quarter period for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to the Credit Agreement plus (ii) the aggregate principal amount under which pro forma consolidated net senior secured leverage remains less than or equal to 3.50:1.00.

At Booz Allen Hamilton’s option, borrowings under the Term Loan A and the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest based either at LIBOR (adjusted for maximum reserves, and subject to a floor of zero) for the applicable interest period or a base rate (equal to the highest of (i) the administrative agent’s prime corporate rate, (ii) the overnight federal funds rate plus

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0.50%, and (iii) three-month LIBOR (adjusted for maximum reserves, and subject to a floor of zero) plus 1.00%), in each case plus an applicable margin as determined by the pricing grid, payable at the end of the applicable interest period and in any event at least quarterly. The applicable margin for Term Loan A and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility ranges from 1.125% to 2.00% for LIBOR loans and 0.125% to 1.00% for base rate loans, in each case based on Booz Allen Hamilton’s consolidated total net leverage ratio. Unused commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility are subject to a quarterly fee ranging from 0.175% to 0.35% based on Booz Allen Hamilton’s consolidated total net leverage ratio. Booz Allen Hamilton also agreed to pay customary letter of credit and agency fees. The applicable margin for Term Loan B is 1.75% for LIBOR loans and 0.75% for base rate loans.

Booz Allen Hamilton occasionally borrows under the Revolving Credit Facility in anticipation of cash demands. For the three months ended September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton did not access its Revolving Credit Facility. For the six months ended September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton accessed $60.0 million of its Revolving Credit Facility, which was both borrowed and repaid in June 2021. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, Booz Allen Hamilton did not access its Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, there was no outstanding balance on the Revolving Credit Facility.

The Credit Agreement requires quarterly principal payments of 1.25% of the stated principal amount of Term Loan A until maturity, and quarterly principal payments of 0.25% of the stated principal amount of Term Loan B until maturity.

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants. The negative covenants include limitations on the following, in each case subject to certain exceptions: (i) indebtedness and liens; (ii) mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, liquidations, wind-ups or dissolutions, and disposition of all or substantially all assets; (iii) dispositions of property; (iv) restricted payments; (v) investments; (vi) transactions with affiliates; (vii) change in fiscal periods; (viii) negative pledges; (ix) restrictive agreements; (x) line of business; and (xi) speculative hedging. The events of default include the following, in each case subject to certain exceptions: (a) failure to make required payments under the Secured Credit Facility; (b) material breaches of representations or warranties under the Secured Credit Facility; (c) failure to observe covenants or agreements under the Secured Credit Facility; (d) failure to pay or default under certain other material indebtedness; (e) bankruptcy or insolvency; (f) certain Employee Retirement Income Security Act, or ERISA, events; (g) certain material judgments; (h) actual or asserted invalidity of the Guarantee and collateral agreements or the other security documents or failure of the guarantees or perfected liens thereunder; and (i) a change of control. In addition, Booz Allen Hamilton is required to meet certain financial covenants at each quarter end, namely consolidated net total leverage and consolidated net interest coverage ratios. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton was in compliance with all financial covenants associated with its debt and debt-like instruments.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, interest payments of $5.6 million and $5.8 million were made for Term Loan A, respectively, and $1.8 million and $1.9 million were made for Term Loan B, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, interest payments of $10.5 million and $12.7 million were made for Term Loan A, respectively, and $3.6 million and $4.1 million were made for Term Loan B, respectively.

Borrowings under the Term Loans, and if used, the Revolving Credit Facility, incur interest at a variable rate. In accordance with Booz Allen Hamilton’s risk management strategy, between April 6, 2017 and April 4, 2019, Booz Allen Hamilton executed a series of interest rate swaps. As of September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton had interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $700.0 million. These instruments hedge the variability of cash outflows for interest payments on the Term Loans and Revolving Credit Facility. The Company's objectives in using cash flow hedges are to reduce volatility due to interest rate movements and to add stability to interest expense (see Note 9 to our condensed consolidated financial statements).

Senior Notes

On June 17, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amounts of its 4.000% Senior Notes due July 1, 2029 (the “Senior Notes due 2029”) under an Indenture, dated as of June 17, 2021, among Booz Allen Hamilton, certain subsidiaries of Booz Allen Hamilton, as guarantors (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”), and Wilmington Trust, National Association (in such capacity, the “Trustee”), as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 17, 2021, among Booz Allen Hamilton, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Trustee. The Senior Notes due 2029 and the related guarantees are Booz Allen Hamilton’s and each Subsidiary Guarantors’ senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of Booz Allen Hamilton’s and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ existing and future senior indebtedness and rank senior in right of payment to any of Booz Allen Hamilton’s and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ future subordinated indebtedness. The net proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes due 2029 were used to fund the acquisition of Liberty and to pay related fees and expenses.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Interest is payable on the Senior Notes due 2029 semi-annually in cash in arrears on July 1 and January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2022. In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes due 2029, the Company recognized $6.5 million of issuance costs, which were recorded as an offset against the carrying value of debt and will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the Senior Notes due 2029.

Interest on debt and debt-like instruments consisted of the following:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Term Loan A Interest Expense	$	5,234	$	5,722	$	10,463	$	12,640
Term Loan B Interest Expense	1,805		1,894		3,606		4,108
Interest on Revolving Credit Facility	—		—		25		799
Senior Notes Interest Expense	11,781		5,505		19,340		9,989
Amortization of Debt Issuance Cost (DIC) and Original Issue Discount (OID) (1)	1,165		1,106		2,294		2,176
Interest Swap Expense	4,087		5,364		9,530		9,805
Other	182		196		266		505
Total Interest Expense	$	24,254	$	19,787	$	45,524	$	40,022

(1) DIC and OID on the Term Loans and senior notes are recorded as a reduction of long-term debt in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and are amortized ratably over the life of the related debt using the effective rate method. DIC on the Revolving Credit Facility is recorded as a long-term asset on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and amortized ratably over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility.

9. DERIVATIVES

The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk related to its variable rate debt. The Company’s objectives in using these interest rate derivatives, which were designated as cash flow hedges, are to manage its exposure to interest rate movements and reduce volatility of interest expense. The aggregate notional amount of all interest rate swap agreements was $700.0 million as of September 30, 2021. The swaps have staggered maturities, ranging from June 30, 2022 to June 30, 2025. These swaps mature within the last tranche of the Company's floating rate debt (November 26, 2026).

The floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps involve the exchange of variable interest amounts from a counterparty for the Company making fixed-rate interest payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount and effectively convert a portion of the variable rate debt into fixed interest rate debt.

Derivative instruments are recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet on a gross basis at estimated fair value. As of September 30, 2021, $15.2 million was classified for both other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2021, $17.2 million and $21.0 million were classified as other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities, respectively, on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

For interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of derivatives is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, or AOCL, net of taxes, and is subsequently reclassified into interest expense in the period that the hedged forecasted interest payments are made on the Company's variable-rate debt. The effect of derivative instruments on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	Location of Gain or Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives	Amount of (Loss) or Gain Recognized in AOCL on Derivatives				Amount of (Loss) or Gain Reclassified from AOCL into Income (1)
		2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest rate swaps	Interest expense	$	(381)	$	(408)	$	(4,087)	$	(5,364)

(1) The reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income was reduced by taxes of $1.1 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)


		Six Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	Location of Gain or Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives	Amount of (Loss) or Gain Recognized in AOCL on Derivatives				Amount of (Loss) or Gain Reclassified from AOCL into Income (2)
		2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest rate swaps	Interest expense	$	(1,775)	$	(6,795)	$	(9,530)	$	(9,805)

(2) The reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income was reduced by taxes of $2.5 million and $2.6 million for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Over the next 12 months, the Company estimates that $15.2 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense. Cash flows associated with periodic settlements of interest rate swaps will be classified as operating activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.

The Company is subject to counterparty risk in connection with its interest rate swap derivative contracts. Credit risk related to a derivative financial instrument represents the possibility that the counterparty will not fulfill the terms of the contract. The Company mitigates this credit risk by entering into agreements with credit-worthy counterparties and regularly reviews its credit exposure and the creditworthiness of the counterparties.

10. INCOME TAXES

The Company’s effective income tax rates were 23.0% and 22.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively, and 22.9% and 23.3% for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Our effective tax rates for these periods differ from the federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the inclusion of state and foreign income taxes and permanent rate differences, which are predominantly related to certain executive compensation and the accrual of reserves for uncertain tax positions, offset by research and development tax credits, excess tax benefits for employee share-based compensation, and the Foreign Derived Intangible Income deduction.

The Company is currently contesting tax assessments from the District of Columbia Office of Tax and Revenue ("DC OTR") for fiscal years 2013 through 2015. The assessment relates to $11.7 million of taxes, net of federal tax benefits, as of September 30, 2021. During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company received notification that the District of Columbia Office of Administrative Hearings ruled in favor of the DC OTR. The Company is currently appealing the decision with the District of Columbia Court of Appeals. The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend this matter. As a result of the ruling in favor of the DC OTR, the Company made an $8.6 million payment related to these assessments, consisting of $3.7 million of tax related to fiscal 2014 and 2015, as well as $4.9 million of penalties and interest. This payment was made under protest and, given the Company's belief that it will be recovered, the payment has been recorded as a long term income tax-receivable (a component of other long-term assets) on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. There has been no impact to income tax expense during fiscal 2022 related to this payment.

The Company has taken similar tax positions with respect to subsequent fiscal years. As of September 30, 2021, the Company does not maintain reserves for any uncertain tax positions related to the contested tax benefits related to 2013 through 2015, nor does it maintain reserves for the similar tax positions taken in the subsequent fiscal years. If an adverse final resolution were to occur with respect to uncertain tax positions related to the contested tax benefits or the similar tax positions taken for fiscal years 2013 through 2020, the total potential future tax expense that would arise would be approximately $40.2 million to $55.0 million, net of federal benefits.

The Company maintained reserves for uncertain tax positions of $70.5 million and $62.9 million as of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, respectively, $11.1 million of which is reflected as a reduction to deferred taxes with the remaining balance included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2021, the Company's reserves for uncertain tax positions are related entirely to research and development tax credits. During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company received a notice from the IRS that the Company's fiscal years 2016, 2017, and 2019 were selected for examination. The Company will continue to evaluate its reserves for uncertain tax positions in conjunction with the IRS examination, and as of September 30, 2021 does not believe any modifications to the previously recorded reserves are necessary.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

11. OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2021		March 31, 2021

Postretirement benefit obligations	128,686		126,054
Reserves for uncertain tax positions	60,738		53,203
Other(1)	50,456		51,727
Total other long-term liabilities	$	239,880	$	230,984

(1) Components of other long-term liabilities at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021 primarily include the Company's long-term deferred compensation plan liability, the long-term liability portion of derivative instruments, and the long-term disability obligation.

12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Defined Contribution Plan

The Company sponsors the Employees’ Capital Accumulation Plan, or ECAP, which is a qualified defined contribution plan that covers eligible U.S. and certain international employees. ECAP provides for distributions to participants by reason of retirement, death, disability, or termination of employment. The Company provides an annual matching contribution of up to 6% of eligible annual compensation. Total expenses recognized under ECAP were $42.7 million and $40.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $85.9 million and $81.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Defined Benefit Plan

The Company provides postretirement healthcare benefits to former officers under a medical indemnity insurance plan, with premiums paid by the Company. This plan is referred to as the Officer Medical Plan.

The components of net postretirement medical expense for the Officer Medical Plan were as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Service cost	$	1,626	$	1,414	$	3,252	$	2,828
Interest cost	1,016		1,059		2,032		2,118

Total postretirement medical expense	$	2,642	$	2,473	$	5,284	$	4,946

The service cost component of net periodic benefit cost is included in cost of revenue and general and administrative expenses, and the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost (interest cost and net actuarial loss) is included as part of Other (expense) income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the unfunded status of the post-retirement medical plan was $124.1 million and $121.5 million, respectively, which is included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

13. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

All amounts recorded in other comprehensive loss are related to the Company's post-retirement plans and interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges. The following table shows the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021						Six Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Post-retirement plans		Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges		Totals		Post-retirement plans		Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges		Totals
Beginning of period	$	(1,543)	$	(25,215)	$	(26,758)	$	(1,562)	$	(28,209)	$	(29,771)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(1)	—		(281)		(281)		—		(1,312)		(1,312)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	20		3,020		3,040		39		7,045		7,084
Net current-period other comprehensive income	20		2,739		2,759		39		5,733		5,772
End of period	$	(1,523)	$	(22,476)	$	(23,999)	$	(1,523)	$	(22,476)	$	(23,999)

(1) Changes in other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded net of tax benefits of $0.1 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020						Six Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Post-retirement plans		Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges		Totals		Post-retirement plans		Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges		Totals
Beginning of period	$	(4,105)	$	(43,313)	$	(47,418)	$	(4,127)	$	(41,874)	$	(46,001)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(2)	—		(301)		(301)		—		(5,023)		(5,023)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	22		3,965		3,987		44		7,248		7,292
Net current-period other comprehensive income	22		3,664		3,686		44		2,225		2,269
End of period	$	(4,083)	$	(39,649)	$	(43,732)	$	(4,083)	$	(39,649)	$	(43,732)

(2) Changes in other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded net of tax benefits of $0.1 million and $1.8 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

14. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Cost of revenue	$	6,712	$	5,769	$	12,597	$	10,267
General and administrative expenses	9,272		9,030		15,831		15,365
Total	$	15,984	$	14,799	$	28,428	$	25,632

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

The following table summarizes the total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations by the following types of equity awards:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Equity Incentive Plan Options	$	652	$	684	$	1,225	$	1,130
Restricted Stock Awards	$	15,332	14,115		27,203		24,502
Total	$	15,984	$	14,799	$	28,428	$	25,632

As of September 30, 2021, there was $77.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based compensation agreements. The unrecognized compensation cost as of September 30, 2021 is expected to be fully amortized over the next 4.9 years. Absent the effect of accelerating stock compensation cost for any departures of employees who may continue to vest in their equity awards, the following table summarizes the unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted-average period the cost is expected to be amortized.


	September 30, 2021
	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Weighted Average Remaining Period to be Recognized (in years)
Equity Incentive Plan Options	$	3,761	3.53
Restricted Stock Awards	73,428		1.81
Total	$	77,189

Equity Incentive Plan

As of September 30, 2021, there were 1,373,926 EIP options outstanding, of which 594,095 were unvested.

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Board of Directors granted 259,393 restricted stock units to certain employees of the Company. The aggregate value of these awards was $22.8 million based on the grant date stock price, which ranged from $81.68 to $89.78.

15. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The accounting standard for fair value measurements establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets (Level 1); inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2); and unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires the Company to develop its own assumptions (Level 3).

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The financial instruments measured at fair value in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:


	Recurring Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:


Long-term deferred compensation plan asset (1)	19,263		—		—		19,263
Total Assets	$	19,263	$	—	$	—	$	19,263
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability (2)	$	—	$	—	$	1,223	1,223
Current derivative instruments (3)	—		15,183		—		15,183
Long-term derivative instruments (3)	—		15,225		—		15,225
Long-term deferred compensation plan liability (1)	19,263		—		—		19,263
Total Liabilities	$	19,263	$	30,408	$	1,223	$	50,894


	Recurring Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:


Long-term deferred compensation plan asset (1)	14,142		—		—		14,142
Total Assets	$	14,142	$	—	$	—	$	14,142
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability (2)	$	—	$	—	$	1,223	$	1,223
Current derivative instruments (3)	—		17,163		—		17,163
Long-term derivative instruments (3)	—		20,999		—		20,999
Long-term deferred compensation plan liability (1)	14,142		—		—		14,142
Total Liabilities	$	14,142	$	38,162	$	1,223	$	53,527

(1) Investments in this category consist primarily of mutual funds whose fair values are determined by reference to the quoted market price per unit in active markets multiplied by the number of units held without consideration of transaction costs. These assets represent investments held in a consolidated trust to fund the Company's non-qualified deferred compensation plan and are recorded in other long-term assets and other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2) The Company recognized a contingent consideration liability of $3.6 million in connection with its acquisition of Aquilent in fiscal 2017. As of both September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability was $1.2 million, and was valued using probability-weighted cash flows, which is based on the use of Level 3 fair value measurement inputs.

(3) The Company’s interest rate swaps are considered over-the-counter derivatives and fair value is estimated based on the present value of future cash flows using a model-derived valuation that uses Level 2 observable inputs such as interest rate yield curves. See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion on the Company’s derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges.

We did not have any material items that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2021, with the exception of the assets and liabilities acquired through the acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint (see Note 5).

The fair value of the Company's cash and cash equivalents, which are Level 1 inputs, approximated its carrying values at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021. The fair value of the Company's debt instruments approximated its carrying value at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021. The fair value of debt is determined using quoted prices or other market information obtained from recent trading activity of each debt tranche in markets that are not active (Level 2 inputs). The fair value is corroborated by prices derived from the interest rate spreads of recently completed leveraged loan transactions of a similar

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

credit profile, industry, and terms to that of the Company. The fair value of the Senior Notes due 2029 and Booz Allen Hamilton's 3.875% Senior Notes due 2028 (the "Senior Notes due 2028") is determined using quoted prices or other market information obtained from recent trading activity in the high-yield bond market (Level 2 inputs).

16. RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Two of our directors served on the board of directors of a subcontractor to which the Company subcontracted $17.3 million and $21.7 million of services for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $35.1 million and $45.0 million of services for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The subcontractor was acquired by another company in August 2021, at which point the two directors ceased to serve on the board of directors.

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Letters of Credit and Third-Party Guarantees

As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the Company was contingently liable under open standby letters of credit and bank guarantees issued by our banks in favor of third parties that totaled $8.2 million and $9.8 million, respectively. These letters of credit and bank guarantees primarily support insurance and bid and performance obligations. At both September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, approximately $0.9 million of these instruments reduced the available borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility. The remainder is guaranteed under a separate $20.0 million facility, originally established in fiscal 2015 and most recently increased to $20.0 million in fiscal 2021, of which $12.7 million and $11.1 million were available to the Company at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, respectively.

Government Contracting Matters - Provision for Claimed Indirect Costs

For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 98% and 97% of the Company's revenue was generated from contracts where the end user was an agency or department of the U.S. government, including contracts where the Company performed either as a prime contractor or subcontractor, and regardless of the geographic location in which the work was performed. For the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 98% and 97% and of the Company's revenue, respectively, was generated from such contracts. U.S. government contracts and subcontracts are subject to extensive legal and regulatory requirements. As noted in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021, in the ordinary course of business, agencies of the U.S. government, including the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA), audit the Company’s claimed indirect costs and conduct inquiries and investigations of our business practices with respect to government contracts to determine whether the Company's operations are conducted in accordance with these requirements and the terms of the relevant contracts. Management believes it has recorded the appropriate provision for claimed indirect costs for any audit, inquiry, or investigation of which it is aware that may be subject to any reductions and/or penalties. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the Company had recorded liabilities of approximately $276.9 million and $263.2 million, respectively, for estimated adjustments to claimed indirect costs based on its historical DCAA audit results, including the final resolution of such audits with the Defense Contract Management Agency, for claimed indirect costs incurred subsequent to fiscal 2011, and for contracts not yet closed that are subject to audit and final resolution.

Litigation

Our performance under U.S. government contracts and compliance with the terms of those contracts and applicable laws and regulations are subject to continuous audit, review, and investigation by the U.S. government, which may include such investigative techniques as subpoenas or civil investigative demands. Given the nature of our business, these audits, reviews, and investigations may focus, among other areas, on various aspects of procurement integrity, labor time reporting, sensitive and/or classified information access and control, executive compensation, and post government employment restrictions. We are not always aware of our status in such matters, but we are currently aware of certain pending audits and investigations involving labor time reporting, procurement integrity, and classified information access. In addition, from time to time, we are also involved in legal proceedings and investigations arising in the ordinary course of business, including those relating to employment matters, relationships with clients and contractors, intellectual property disputes, and other business matters. These legal proceedings seek various remedies, including claims for monetary damages in varying amounts, none of which are considered material, or are unspecified as to amount. Although the outcome of any such matter is inherently uncertain and may be materially adverse, based on current information, we do not expect any of the currently ongoing audits, reviews, investigations, or litigation to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, there were no material amounts accrued in the condensed consolidated financial statements related to these proceedings. As previously disclosed in Note 21 to the consolidated financial statements of the

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BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Amounts in tables in thousands, except share and per share data or unless otherwise noted)

Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the expected amount or range of cost or any loss associated with these matters.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis is intended to help the reader understand our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Quarterly Report.

The statements in this discussion regarding industry outlook, our expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources, and other non-historical statements in this discussion are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 21, 2021, or Annual Report, and under Part II, “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and “— Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements” of this Quarterly Report. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Our fiscal year ends March 31 and, unless otherwise noted, references to years or fiscal are for fiscal years ended March 31. See “—Results of Operations.”

Overview

We are a leading provider of management and technology consulting, analytics, engineering, digital solutions, mission operations, and cyber services to U.S. and international governments, major corporations, and not-for-profit organizations. Our ability to deliver value to our clients has always been, and continues to be, a product of the strong character, expertise and tremendous passion of our people. Our approximately 29,200 employees work to solve hard problems by making clients' missions their own, combining decades of consulting and domain expertise with functional expertise in areas such as analytics, digital solutions, engineering, and cyber, all fostered by a culture of innovation that extends to all reaches of the company.

Through our dedication to our clients' missions, and a commitment to evolving our business to address their client needs, we have longstanding relationships with our clients, some more than 80 years. We support critical missions for a diverse base of federal government clients, including nearly all of the U.S. government's cabinet-level departments, as well as increasingly for top-tier commercial and international clients. We support our federal government clients by helping them tackle their most complex and pressing challenges such as protecting soldiers in combat and supporting their families, advancing cyber capabilities, keeping our national infrastructure secure, enabling and enhancing digital services, transforming the healthcare system, and improving government efficiency to achieve better outcomes. We serve commercial clients across industries, including financial services, health and life sciences, energy, and technology. We have a presence in the Middle East and other international markets.

Financial and Other Highlights

During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company generated year over year revenue growth and increased client staff headcount.

Revenue increased 4.3% from the three months ended September 30, 2020 to the three months ended September 30, 2021 and increased 3.0% from the six months ended September 30, 2020 to the six months ended September 30, 2021. Growth was primarily driven by solid operational performance and the revenue impact of acquisitions during the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, partially offset by higher than normal staff utilization in the comparable prior year period.

Operating income increased 5.4% to $218.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2021 from $207.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2020, which reflects an increase in operating margin from 10.3% to 10.4%. Operating income decreased 9.9% to $359.6 million in the six months ended September 30, 2021 from $399.1 million in the six months ended September 30, 2020, which reflects a decrease in operating margin from 10.0% to 8.8%. The increases in operating income and operating margin for the three months ended September 30, 2021 were primarily driven by strong contract performance, including the impact of acquisitions during the quarter, and cost management of unallowable spending. In addition, in the prior year, the inability to recognize revenue on, or bill for, fee on certain contracts involving a ready workforce of approximately $7.0 million was not present in the current year. Decreases in operating income and operating margin for the six months ended September 30, 2021 were impacted by acquisition costs of $80.5 million related to our acquisitions as more fully described in Note 5.

The Company also incurred incremental legal costs during the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 in response to the U.S. Department of Justice investigation and matters which purport to relate to the investigation, a portion of which was offset by the receipt of insurance reimbursements. We expect to incur additional costs in the future. Based on the information currently available, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the expected long-term incremental legal costs or amounts that may be reimbursed associated with this investigation and these related matters.

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We are monitoring the evolving situation related to COVID-19 and vaccine rollout, and we continue to work with our stakeholders to assess further possible implications to our business. We could be impacted by the implementation of our Company policy requiring full COVID-19 vaccinations of all employees, except for employees who qualify for medical or religious exemptions. Although we cannot currently predict the overall impact of COVID-19 and vaccine rollout, the longer the duration of the event, the more likely it is that it could have an adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, billable expenses, and/or cash flows.

Non-GAAP Measures

We publicly disclose certain non-GAAP financial measurements, including Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Net Income, and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share, or Adjusted Diluted EPS, because management uses these measures for business planning purposes, including to manage our business against internal projected results of operations and measure our performance. We view Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Net Income, and Adjusted Diluted EPS as measures of our core operating business, which exclude the impact of the items detailed below, as these items are generally not operational in nature. These non-GAAP measures also provide another basis for comparing period to period results by excluding potential differences caused by non-operational and unusual or non-recurring items. In addition, we use Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses because it provides management useful information about the Company's operating performance by excluding the impact of costs that are not indicative of the level of productivity of our consulting staff headcount and our overall direct labor, which management believes provides useful information to our investors about our core operations. We also utilize and discuss Free Cash Flow because management uses this measure for business planning purposes, measuring the cash generating ability of the operating business, and measuring liquidity generally. We present these supplemental measures because we believe that these measures provide investors and securities analysts with important supplemental information with which to evaluate our performance, long term earnings potential, or liquidity, as applicable, and to enable them to assess our performance on the same basis as management. These supplemental performance measurements may vary from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures by other companies in our industry. Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, and Free Cash Flow are not recognized measurements under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, and when analyzing our performance or liquidity, as applicable, investors should (i) evaluate each adjustment in our reconciliation of revenue to Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, operating income to Adjusted Operating Income, net income to Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS, and net cash provided by operating activities to Free Cash Flow, (ii) use Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Net Income, and Adjusted Diluted EPS in addition to, and not as an alternative to, revenue, operating income, net income or diluted EPS, as measures of operating results, each as defined under GAAP and (iii) use Free Cash Flow in addition to, and not as an alternative to, net cash provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity, each as defined under GAAP. We have defined the aforementioned non-GAAP measures as follows:

•"Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses" represents revenue less billable expenses. We use Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses because it provides management useful information about the Company's operating performance by excluding the impact of costs that are not indicative of the level of productivity of our consulting staff headcount and our overall direct labor, which management believes provides useful information to our investors about our core operations.

•"Adjusted Operating Income" represents operating income before financing transaction costs, supplemental employee benefits due to COVID-19, and acquisition-related costs, including significant acquisition amortization. We prepare Adjusted Operating Income to eliminate the impact of items we do not consider indicative of ongoing operating performance due to their inherent unusual, extraordinary, or non-recurring nature or because they result from an event of a similar nature.

•"Adjusted EBITDA" represents net income before income taxes, net interest and other expense and depreciation and amortization and before certain other items, including financing transaction costs, supplemental employee benefits due to COVID-19, and acquisition-related costs. "Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue" is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. "Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses" is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses. The Company prepares Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses to eliminate the impact of items it does not consider indicative of ongoing operating performance due to their inherent unusual, extraordinary or non-recurring nature or because they result from an event of a similar nature.

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•"Adjusted Net Income" represents net income before: (i) acquisition costs, (ii) financing transaction costs, (iii) supplemental employee benefits due to COVID-19, (iv) significant acquisition amortization, (v) gain on consolidation of equity method investment, (vi) research and development tax credits, (vii) release of income tax reserves, (viii) loss on debt extinguishment and (ix) amortization or write-off of debt issuance costs and debt discount, in each case net of the tax effect where appropriate calculated using an assumed effective tax rate. We prepare Adjusted Net Income to eliminate the impact of items, net of tax, we do not consider indicative of ongoing operating performance due to their inherent unusual, extraordinary, or non-recurring nature or because they result from an event of a similar nature. We view Adjusted Net Income as an important indicator of performance consistent with the manner in which management measures and forecasts the Company's performance and the way in which management is incentivized to perform.

•"Adjusted Diluted EPS" represents diluted EPS calculated using Adjusted Net Income as opposed to net income. Additionally, Adjusted Diluted EPS does not contemplate any adjustments to net income as required under the two-class method as disclosed in the footnotes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

•"Free Cash Flow" represents the net cash generated from operating activities less the impact of purchases of property, equipment and software.

Below is a reconciliation of Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, and Free Cash Flow to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

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	Three Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except share and per share data)	2021			2020			2021			2020
	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses
Revenue	$	2,106,038		$	2,019,185		$	4,095,104		$	3,975,638
Less: Billable expenses	640,120			603,652			1,195,665			1,152,729
Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses	$	1,465,918		$	1,415,533		$	2,899,439		$	2,822,909
Adjusted Operating Income
Operating Income	$	218,367		$	207,221		$	359,624		$	399,108
Acquisition costs (a)	13,680			—			80,469			—
Financing transaction costs (b)	—			—			2,348			—
COVID-19 supplemental employee benefits (c)	—			167			—			509
Significant acquisition amortization (d)	11,868			—			14,526			—
Adjusted Operating Income	$	243,915		$	207,388		$	456,967		$	399,617
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue & Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses
Net income	$	154,834		$	136,081		$	246,936		$	265,410
Income tax expense	46,127			39,319			73,479			80,806
Interest and other, net (e)	17,406			31,821			39,209			52,892
Depreciation and amortization	37,602			21,015			65,347			41,747
EBITDA	255,969			228,236			424,971			440,855
Acquisition costs (a)	13,680			—			80,469			—
Financing transaction costs (b)	—			—			2,348			—
COVID-19 supplemental employee benefits (c)	—			167			—			509

Adjusted EBITDA	$	269,649		$	228,403		$	507,788		$	441,364
Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue	12.8		%	11.3		%	12.4		%	11.1		%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin on Revenue, Excluding Billable Expenses	18.4		%	16.1		%	17.5		%	15.6		%
Adjusted Net Income
Net income	$	154,834		$	136,081		$	246,936		$	265,410
Acquisition costs (a)	13,680			—			80,469			—
Financing transaction costs (b)	—			—			2,348			—
COVID-19 supplemental employee benefits (c)	—			167			—			509
Significant acquisition amortization (d)	11,868			—			14,526			—
Gain on consolidation of equity method investment (f)	(5,666)			—			(5,666)			—
Research and development tax credits (g)	—			(2,928)			—			(2,928)
Release of income tax reserves (h)	—			—			—			(29)
Loss on debt extinguishment (i)	—			13,239			—			13,239
Amortization and write-off of debt issuance costs and debt discount	816			563			1,703			1,017
Adjustments for tax effect (j)	(5,381)			(3,640)			(24,279)			(3,839)
Adjusted Net Income	$	170,151		$	143,482		$	316,037		$	273,379
Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share
Weighted-average number of diluted shares outstanding	135,316,429			138,747,640			135,847,548			139,004,382
Adjusted Net Income Per Diluted Share (k)	$	1.26		$	1.03		$	2.33		$	1.97
Free Cash Flow
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	470,408		$	425,606		$	459,746		$	566,024
Less: Purchases of property, equipment and software	(20,667)			(18,026)			(29,675)			(38,084)
Free Cash Flow	$	449,741		$	407,580		$	430,071		$	527,940

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(a)Represents costs associated with the acquisition efforts of the Company related to transactions for which the Company has entered into a letter of intent to acquire a controlling financial interest in the target entity. Acquisition costs primarily include costs associated with (i) due diligence activities, (ii) compensation expenses associated with employee retention, and (iii) legal and advisory fees associated with the completion of the acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint, as disclosed in Note 5.

(b)Reflects expenses associated with debt financing activities incurred during the first quarter of fiscal 2022.

(c)Represents the supplemental contribution to employees' dependent care FSA accounts in response to COVID-19.

(d)Amortization expense associated with acquired intangibles from significant acquisitions. Significant acquisitions include acquisitions which the Company considers to be beyond the scope of our normal operations. Significant acquisition amortization includes amortization expense associated with the acquisition of Liberty for the first quarter of fiscal 2022.

(e)Reflects the combination of Interest expense and Other income (expense), net from the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

(f)Represents the Company’s remeasurement of its previously held equity method investment in Tracepoint to its fair value which resulted in a gain upon the acquisition of a controlling financial interest in Tracepoint.

(g)Reflects tax credits, net of reserves for uncertain tax positions, recognized in fiscal 2021 related to an increase in research and development credits available for fiscal years 2016 to 2019.

(h)Release of pre-acquisition income tax reserves assumed by the Company in connection with the Carlyle acquisition.

(i)Reflects the loss on debt extinguishment resulting from the redemption of Booz Allen Hamilton Inc.'s 5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 ("Senior Notes due 2025"), including $9.0 million of the premium paid at redemption, and write-off of the unamortized debt issuance cost.

(j)Reflects the tax effect of adjustments at an assumed effective tax rate of 26%, which approximates the blended federal and state tax rates, and consistently excludes the impact of other tax credits and incentive benefits realized.

(k)Excludes adjustments of approximately $1.1 million and $1.5 million of net earnings for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, and excludes adjustments of approximately $0.8 million and $1.5 million of net earnings for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, associated with the application of the two-class method for computing diluted earnings per share.

Factors and Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations

Our results of operations have been, and we expect them to continue to be, affected by the following factors, which may cause our future results of operations to differ from our historical results of operations discussed under “— Results of Operations.”

Business Environment and Key Trends in Our Markets

We believe that the following trends and developments in the U.S. government services industry and our markets may influence our future results of operations:

•uncertainty around the timing, extent, nature and effect of Congressional and other U.S. government actions to approve funding of the U.S. government, address budgetary constraints, including caps on the discretionary budget for defense and non-defense departments and agencies, as established by the Bipartisan Budget Control Act of 2011 ("BCA") and subsequently adjusted by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, and the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019, and address the ability of Congress to determine how to allocate the available budget authority and pass appropriations bills to fund both U.S. government departments and agencies that are, and those that are not, subject to the caps;

•budget deficits and the growing U.S. national debt increasing pressure on the U.S. government to reduce federal spending across all federal agencies together with associated uncertainty about the size and timing of those reductions;

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•cost-cutting and efficiency initiatives, current and future budget restrictions, continued implementation of Congressionally mandated automatic spending cuts and other efforts to reduce U.S. government spending could cause clients to reduce or delay funding for orders for services or invest appropriated funds on a less consistent or rapid basis or not at all, particularly when considering long-term initiatives and in light of current uncertainty around Congressional efforts to approve funding of the U.S. government and to craft a long-term agreement on the U.S. government's ability to incur indebtedness in excess of its current limits prior to December 3, 2021, the date on which legislation relating to the U.S. government's debt limit expires, and generally in the current political environment, there is a risk that clients will not issue task orders in sufficient volume to reach current contract ceilings, alter historical patterns of contract awards, including the typical increase in the award of task orders or completion of other contract actions by the U.S. government in the period before the end of the U.S. government's fiscal year on September 30, delay requests for new proposals and contract awards, rely on short-term extensions and funding of current contracts, or reduce staffing levels and hours of operation;

•delays in the completion of future U.S. government’s budget processes, which have in the past and could in the future delay procurement of the products, services, and solutions we provide;

•changes in the relative mix of overall U.S. government spending and areas of spending growth, with lower spending on homeland security, intelligence, defense-related programs as certain overseas operations end, and continued increased spending on cybersecurity, Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR), advanced analytics, technology integration, and healthcare, including as a result of the presidential and administration transition;

•the extent, nature and effect of COVID-19, including the impact on federal budgets, current and pending procurements, supply chains, demand for services, deployment and productivity of our employees and the economic and societal impact of a pandemic, and the expected continued volatility in billable expenses, as well as the impact of our Company policy requiring full COVID-19 vaccinations of all employees, except for employees who qualify for medical or religious exemptions;

•legislative and regulatory changes to limitations on the amount of allowable executive compensation permitted under flexibly priced contracts following implementation of interim rules adopted by federal agencies pursuant to the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, which substantially further reduce the amount of allowable executive compensation under these contracts and extend these limitations to a larger segment of our executives and our entire contract base;

•efforts by the U.S. government to address organizational conflicts of interest and related issues and the impact of those efforts on us and our competitors;

•increased audit, review, investigation, and general scrutiny by U.S. government agencies of government contractors' performance under U.S. government contracts and compliance with the terms of those contracts and applicable laws;

•the federal focus on refining the definition of “inherently governmental” work, including proposals to limit contractor access to sensitive or classified information and work assignments, which will continue to drive pockets of insourcing in various agencies, particularly in the intelligence market;

•negative publicity and increased scrutiny of government contractors in general, including us, relating to U.S. government expenditures for contractor services and incidents involving the mishandling of sensitive or classified information;

•U.S. government agencies awarding contracts on a technically acceptable/lowest cost basis, which could have a negative impact on our ability to win certain contracts;

•increased competition from other government contractors and market entrants seeking to take advantage of certain of the trends identified above, and an industry trend towards consolidation, which may result in the emergence of companies that are better able to compete against us;

•cost cutting and efficiency and effectiveness efforts by U.S. civilian agencies with a focus on increased use of performance measurement, “program integrity” efforts to reduce waste, fraud and abuse in entitlement programs, and renewed focus on improving procurement practices for and interagency use of IT services, including through the use of cloud based options and data center consolidation;

•restrictions by the U.S. government on the ability of federal agencies to use lead system integrators, in response to cost, schedule, and performance problems with large defense acquisition programs where contractors were performing the lead system integrator role;

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•increasingly complex requirements of the Department of Defense and the U.S. intelligence community, including cybersecurity, managing federal health care cost growth, and focus on reforming existing government regulation of various sectors of the economy, such as financial regulation and healthcare; and

•increasing small business regulations across the Department of Defense and civilian agency clients continue to gain traction, agencies are required to meet high small business set aside targets, and large business prime contractors are required to subcontract in accordance with considerable small business participation goals necessary for contract award.

Sources of Revenue

Substantially all of our revenue is derived from services provided under contracts and task orders with the U.S. government, primarily by our consulting staff and, to a lesser extent, our subcontractors. Funding for our contracts and task orders is generally linked to trends in budgets and spending across various U.S. government agencies and departments. We provide services under a large portfolio of contracts and contract vehicles to a broad client base, and we believe that our diversified contract and client base lessens potential volatility in our business; however, a reduction in the amount of services that we are contracted to provide to the U.S. government or any of our significant U.S. government clients could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In particular, the Department of Defense is one of our significant clients, and the BCA originally required nine automatic spending cuts (referred to as “sequestration”) of $109 billion annually from 2013 to 2021, half of which was intended to come from defense programs, though less than $1 billion has been cut for defense programs per year under the BCA. Mandatory sequestrations under the BCA were subsequently extended by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019 and the CARES Act, which did not specify an amount of savings required to be achieved through sequestration after 2021 but apply an 8.3% reduction in defense spending in each year from 2021 to 2030. This could result in a commensurate reduction in the amount of services that we are contracted to provide to the Department of Defense and could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations, and given the uncertainty of when and how these automatic reductions required by the BCA may return and/or be applied, we are unable to predict the nature or magnitude of the potential adverse effect.

Contract Types

We generate revenue under the following three basic types of contracts:

•Cost-Reimbursable Contracts. Cost-reimbursable contracts provide for the payment of allowable costs incurred during performance of the contract, up to a ceiling based on the amount that has been funded, plus a fixed fee or award fee. As we increase or decrease our spending on allowable costs, our revenue generated on cost-reimbursable contracts will increase, up to the ceiling and funded amounts, or decrease, respectively. We generate revenue under two general types of cost-reimbursable contracts: cost-plus-fixed-fee and cost-plus-award-fee, both of which reimburse allowable costs and provide for a fee. The fee under each type of cost-reimbursable contract is generally payable upon completion of services in accordance with the terms of the contract. Cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts offer no opportunity for payment beyond the fixed fee. Cost-plus-award-fee contracts also provide for an award fee that varies within specified limits based upon the client’s assessment of our performance against a predetermined set of criteria, such as targets for factors like cost, quality, schedule, and performance.

•Time-and-Materials Contracts. Under contracts in this category, we are paid a fixed hourly rate for each direct labor hour expended, and we are reimbursed for billable material costs and billable out-of-pocket expenses inclusive of allocable indirect costs. We assume the financial risk on time-and-materials contracts because our costs of performance may exceed negotiated hourly rates. To the extent our actual direct labor, including allocated indirect costs, and associated billable expenses decrease or increase in relation to the fixed hourly billing rates provided in the contract, we will generate more or less profit, respectively, or could incur a loss.

•Fixed-Price Contracts. Under a fixed-price contract, we agree to perform the specified work for a predetermined price. To the extent our actual direct and allocated indirect costs decrease or increase from the estimates upon which the price was negotiated, we will generate more or less profit, respectively, or could incur a loss. Some fixed-price contracts have a performance-based component, pursuant to which we can earn incentive payments or incur financial penalties based on our performance. Fixed-price level of effort contracts require us to provide a specified level of effort (i.e., labor hours), over a stated period of time, for a fixed price.

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The amount of risk and potential reward varies under each type of contract. Under cost-reimbursable contracts, there is limited financial risk, because we are reimbursed for all allowable costs up to a ceiling. However, profit margins on this type of contract tend to be lower than on time-and-materials and fixed-price contracts. Under time-and-materials contracts, we are reimbursed for the hours worked using the predetermined hourly rates for each labor category. In addition, we are typically reimbursed for other contract direct costs and expenses at cost. We assume financial risk on time-and-materials contracts because our labor costs may exceed the negotiated billing rates. Profit margins on well-managed time-and-materials contracts tend to be higher than profit margins on cost-reimbursable contracts as long as we are able to staff those contracts with people who have an appropriate skill set. Under fixed-price contracts, we are required to deliver the objectives under the contract for a predetermined price. Compared to time-and-materials and cost-reimbursable contracts, fixed-price contracts generally offer higher profit margin opportunities because we receive the full benefit of any cost savings but generally involve greater financial risk because we bear the impact of any cost overruns. In the aggregate, the contract type mix in our revenue for any given period will affect that period's profitability. Changes in contract type as a result of re-competes and new business could influence the percentage/mix in unanticipated ways.

The table below presents the percentage of total revenue for each type of contract:


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Cost-reimbursable	53%	56%	55%	56%
Time-and-materials	24%	25%	24%	25%
Fixed-price	23%	19%	21%	19%

Contract Diversity and Revenue Mix

We provide services to our clients through a large number of single award contracts, contract vehicles, and multiple award contract vehicles. Most of our revenue is generated under indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity, or IDIQ, contract vehicles, which include multiple award government wide acquisition contract vehicles, or GWACs, and General Services Administration Multiple Award Schedule Contracts, or GSA schedules, and certain single award contracts. GWACs and GSA schedules are available to all U.S. government agencies. Any number of contractors typically competes under multiple award IDIQ contract vehicles for task orders to provide particular services, and we earn revenue under these contract vehicles only to the extent that we are successful in the bidding process for task orders.

We generate revenue under our contracts and task orders through our provision of services as both a prime contractor and subcontractor, as well as from the provision of services by subcontractors under contracts and task orders for which we act as the prime contractor. The mix of these types of revenue affects our operating margin. Substantially all of our operating margin is derived from direct consulting staff labor, as the portion of our operating margin derived from fees we earn on services provided by our subcontractors is not significant. We view growth in direct consulting staff labor as the primary driver of earnings growth. Direct consulting staff labor growth is driven by consulting staff headcount growth, after attrition, and total backlog growth.

Our People

Revenue from our contracts is derived from services delivered by consulting staff and, to a lesser extent, from our subcontractors. Our ability to hire, retain, and deploy talent with skills appropriately aligned with client needs is critical to our ability to grow our revenue. We continuously evaluate whether our talent base is properly sized and appropriately compensated, and contains an optimal mix of skills to be cost competitive and meet the rapidly evolving needs of our clients. We seek to achieve that result through recruitment and management of capacity and compensation. As of September 30, 2021 and 2020, we employed approximately 29,200 and 27,600 people, respectively, of which approximately 26,100 and 24,800, respectively, were consulting staff.

Contract Backlog

We define backlog to include the following three components:

•Funded Backlog. Funded backlog represents the revenue value of orders for services under existing contracts for which funding is appropriated or otherwise authorized less revenue previously recognized on these contracts.

•Unfunded Backlog. Unfunded backlog represents the revenue value of orders (including optional orders) for services under existing contracts for which funding has not been appropriated or otherwise authorized.

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•Priced Options. Priced contract options represent 100% of the revenue value of all future contract option periods under existing contracts that may be exercised at our clients’ option and for which funding has not been appropriated or otherwise authorized.

Our backlog does not include contracts that have been awarded but are currently under protest and also does not include any task orders under IDIQ contracts, except to the extent that task orders have been awarded to us under those contracts.

The following table summarizes the value of our contract backlog at the respective dates presented:



	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2020
	(In millions)
Backlog:
Funded	$	4,917	$	4,482
Unfunded	9,528		6,159
Priced options	14,550		13,933
Total backlog	$	28,995	$	24,574

(1) Backlog presented as of September 30, 2021 includes backlog acquired from the Company's acquisitions made during the six months ended September 30, 2021. Total backlog acquired was approximately $2.1 billion as of September 30, 2021.

Our total backlog consists of remaining performance obligations, certain orders under contracts for which the period of performance has expired, and unexercised option period and other unexercised optional orders. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the Company had $8.1 billion and $6.7 billion of remaining performance obligations, respectively. We expect to recognize approximately 70% of the remaining performance obligations at September 30, 2021 as revenue over the next 12 months, and approximately 85% over the next 24 months. The remainder is expected to be recognized thereafter. However, given the uncertainties discussed below, as well as the risks described in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021 and Part II, "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we can give no assurance that we will be able to convert our backlog into revenue in any particular period, if at all. Our backlog includes orders under contracts that in some cases extend for several years. The U.S. Congress generally appropriates funds for our clients on a yearly basis, even though their contracts with us may call for performance that is expected to take a number of years to complete. As a result, contracts typically are only partially funded at any point during their term and all or some of the work to be performed under the contracts may remain unfunded unless and until the U.S. Congress makes subsequent appropriations and the procuring agency allocates funding to the contract.

We view growth in total backlog and consulting staff headcount as the two key measures of our potential business growth. Growing and deploying consulting staff is the primary means by which we are able to achieve revenue growth. To the extent that we are able to hire additional consulting staff and deploy them against funded backlog, we generally recognize increased revenue. Total backlog increased by 18.0% from September 30, 2020 to September 30, 2021. Additions to funded backlog during the twelve months ended September 30, 2021 totaled $8.4 billion in comparison to $7.9 billion for the comparable period in 2020, as a result of the conversion of unfunded backlog to funded backlog, the award of new contracts and task orders under which funding was appropriated, and the exercise and subsequent funding of priced options. We report internally on our backlog on a monthly basis and review backlog upon occurrence of certain events to determine if any adjustments are necessary.

We cannot predict with any certainty the portion of our backlog that we expect to recognize as revenue in any future period and we cannot guarantee that we will recognize any revenue from our backlog. The primary risks that could affect our ability to recognize such revenue on a timely basis or at all are: program schedule changes, contract modifications, and our ability to assimilate and deploy new consulting staff against funded backlog; cost-cutting initiatives and other efforts to reduce U.S. government spending, which could reduce or delay funding for orders for services; and delayed funding of our contracts due to delays in the completion of the U.S. government's budgeting process and the use of continuing resolutions by the U.S. government to fund its operations. The amount of our funded backlog is also subject to change, due to, among other factors: changes in congressional appropriations that reflect changes in U.S. government policies or priorities resulting from various military, political, economic or international developments; changes in the use of U.S. government contracting vehicles, and the provisions therein used to procure our services and adjustments to the scope of services, or cancellation of contracts, by the U.S. government at any time. In our recent experience, none of the following additional risks have had a material negative effect on our ability to realize revenue from our funded backlog: the unilateral right of the U.S. government to cancel multi-year contracts and related orders or to terminate existing contracts for convenience or default; in the case of unfunded backlog, the potential

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that funding will not be made available; and, in the case of priced options, the risk that our clients will not exercise their options.

In addition, contract backlog includes orders under contracts for which the period of performance has expired, and we may not recognize revenue on the funded backlog that includes such orders due to, among other reasons, the tardy submission of invoices by our subcontractors and the expiration of the relevant appropriated funding in accordance with a predetermined expiration date such as the end of the U.S. government's fiscal year. The revenue value of orders included in contract backlog that has not been recognized as revenue due to period of performance expirations has not exceeded approximately 5.1% of total backlog as of September 30, 2021 and any of the four preceding fiscal quarters.

We expect to recognize revenue from a substantial portion of funded backlog as of September 30, 2021 within the next twelve months. However, given the uncertainties discussed above, as well as the risks described in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in Part II, Item 1A. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we can give no assurance that we will be able to convert our backlog into revenue in any particular period, if at all.

Operating Costs and Expenses

Costs associated with compensation and related expenses for our people are the most significant component of our operating costs and expenses. The principal factors that affect our costs are additional people as we grow our business and are awarded new contracts, task orders, and additional work under our existing contracts, and the hiring of people with specific skill sets and security clearances as required by our additional work.

Our most significant operating costs and expenses are described below.

•Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue includes direct labor, related employee benefits, and overhead. Overhead consists of indirect costs, including indirect labor relating to infrastructure, management and administration, and other expenses.

•Billable Expenses. Billable expenses include direct subcontractor expenses, travel expenses, and other expenses incurred to perform on contracts.

•General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses include indirect labor of executive management and corporate administrative functions, marketing and bid and proposal costs, and other discretionary spending.

•Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization includes the depreciation of computers, leasehold improvements, furniture and other equipment, and the amortization of internally developed software, as well as third-party software that we use internally, and of identifiable long-lived intangible assets over their estimated useful lives.

Seasonality

The U.S. government's fiscal year ends on September 30 of each year. While not certain, it is not uncommon for U.S. government agencies to award extra tasks or complete other contract actions in the weeks before the end of its fiscal year in order to avoid the loss of unexpended fiscal year funds. In addition, we also have historically experienced higher bid and proposal costs in the months leading up to the U.S. government's fiscal year end as we pursue new contract opportunities being awarded shortly after the U.S. government fiscal year end as new opportunities are expected to have funding appropriated in the U.S. government's subsequent fiscal year. We may continue to experience this seasonality in future periods, and our future periods may be affected by it. While not certain, changes in the government's funding and spending patterns have altered historical seasonality trends, supporting our approach to managing the business on an annual basis. Seasonality is just one of a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control, which may affect our results in any period.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

Our critical accounting estimates and policies are disclosed in the Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies section in Part II, "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2021. There were no other material changes to our critical accounting policies, estimates or judgments that occurred in the quarterly period covered by this report.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth items from our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated. Significant trends and changes are discussed within each section for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021. Trends and changes that are consistent for both the three and six month periods are discussed on a six-month period basis only.


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Percent		Six Months Ended September 30,				Percent
	2021		2020		Change		2021		2020		Change
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)				(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
	(In thousands)						(In thousands)
Revenue	$	2,106,038	$	2,019,185	4.3	%	$	4,095,104	$	3,975,638	3.0	%
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue	947,689		942,597		0.5	%	1,910,408		1,891,499		1.0	%
Billable expenses	640,120		603,652		6.0	%	1,195,665		1,152,729		3.7	%
General and administrative expenses	262,260		244,700		7.2	%	564,060		490,555		15.0	%
Depreciation and amortization	37,602		21,015		78.9	%	65,347		41,747		56.5	%
Total operating costs and expenses	1,887,671		1,811,964		4.2	%	3,735,480		3,576,530		4.4	%
Operating income	218,367		207,221		5.4	%	359,624		399,108		(9.9)	%
Interest expense	(24,254)		(19,787)		22.6	%	(45,524)		(40,022)		13.7	%
Other income (expense), net	6,848		(12,034)		NM		6,315		(12,870)		NM
Income before income taxes	200,961		175,400		14.6	%	320,415		346,216		(7.5)	%
Income tax expense	46,127		39,319		17.3	%	73,479		80,806		(9.1)	%
Net income	$	154,834	$	136,081	13.8	%	$	246,936	$	265,410	(7.0)	%

NM - Not meaningful.

Revenue

Revenue increased to $2,106.0 million from $2,019.2 million, or a 4.3% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, and increased to $4,095.1 million from $3,975.6 million, or a 3.0% increase, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020. The increases were primarily driven by solid operational performance and the revenue impact of acquisitions during the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 of approximately $90.0 million and $106.0 million, respectively. This was partially offset by higher than normal staff utilization in the comparable prior year period. Total headcount as of September 30, 2021 increased approximately 1,590 as compared to September 30, 2020.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue was 45.0% and 46.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and 46.7% and 47.6% for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The decrease in cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue was due to our growth in revenue outpacing our growth in cost of revenue, primarily due to profitable contract level performance and mix, which includes the effect of acquisitions during the quarter. Cost of revenue increased to $947.7 million from $942.6 million, or a 0.5% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, and increased to $1,910.4 million from $1,891.5 million, or a 1.0% increase, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020. The increases were primarily due to increases in salaries and salary-related benefits in the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 of $46.7 million and $81.7 million, respectively, driven by increased headcount and annual base salary increases, partially offset by decreases in other direct costs of $48.7 million and $75.4 million, respectively.

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Billable Expenses

Billable expenses as a percentage of revenue were 30.4% and 29.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and 29.2% and 29.0% for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Billable expenses increased to $640.1 million from $603.7 million, or a 6.0% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, and increased to $1,195.7 million from $1,152.7 million, or a 3.7% increase, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020. Increases were primarily attributable to increases in expenses from contracts that require the Company to incur other direct expenses and travel on behalf of clients as compared to the prior year period, partially offset by a decrease in the use of subcontractors driven by client demand and timing of client needs.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue were 12.5% and 12.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and 13.8% and 12.3% for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. General and administrative expenses increased to $262.3 million from $244.7 million, or a 7.2% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020 and increased to $564.1 million from $490.6 million, or a 15.0% increase, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020. The increases were primarily due to $13.7 million and $80.5 million of acquisition costs associated with our acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint incurred during the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. In addition, salaries and salary-related benefits in the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 increased $11.6 million and $17.9 million, respectively, partially offset by decreases in other business expenses and professional fees.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased to $37.6 million from $21.0 million, or a 78.9% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, and increased to $65.3 million from $41.7 million, or a 56.5% increase, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to increases in intangible amortization related to the acquisitions in fiscal 2022, and depreciation expense resulting from the implementation of our new financial management systems on April 1, 2021.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased to $24.3 million from $19.8 million, or a 22.6% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, and increased to $45.5 million from $40.0 million, or a 13.7% increase, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, primarily due to increased expense related to the Senior Notes due 2029 (as defined below) and the Senior Notes due 2028 (as defined below).

Other Income (Expense), net

Other income (expense), net increased to a $6.8 million net other income from a $12.0 million net other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and increased to a $6.3 million net other income from a $12.9 million net other expense for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. The increases were primarily due to the $13.2 million loss on debt extinguishment resulting from the redemption of the 2017 Senior Notes recognized in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, and the $5.7 million gain from the Company’s remeasurement of its previously held equity method investment in Tracepoint in the second quarter of fiscal 2022.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense increased to $46.1 million from $39.3 million, or a 17.3% increase, for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and decreased to $73.5 million from $80.8 million, or a 9.1% decrease, for the six months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. The changes were primarily due to changes in pre-tax income as compared to the prior year period, in addition to discrete items recorded in the prior year period not recurring in the current period. The effective tax rate increased to 23.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 from 22.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2020, and decreased to 22.9% for the six months ended September 30, 2021 from 23.3% for the six months ended September 30, 2020.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table presents selected financial information as of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021 and for the first six months of fiscal 2022 and 2021:


	September 30, 2021		March 31, 2021
	(Unaudited)
	(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	788,697	$	990,955
Total debt	2,832,462		2,356,596

	Six Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
	(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	459,746	$	566,024
Net cash used in investing activities	(811,256)		(38,084)
Net cash provided by financing activities	149,252		5,349
Total (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	(202,258)	$	533,289

To date, COVID-19 has not had a significant impact on our liquidity, cash flows or capital resources. However, the continued spread of COVID-19 has led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets, which, depending on future developments, could impact our capital resources and liquidity in the future. In the opinion of management, we will be able to meet our liquidity and cash needs through a combination of cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances, and available borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility.

From time to time, we evaluate alternative uses for excess cash resources once our operating cash flow and required debt servicing needs have been met. Some of the possible uses of our remaining excess cash at any point in time may include funding strategic acquisitions, further investment in our business and returning value to shareholders through share repurchases, quarterly dividends, and special dividends. While the timing and financial magnitude of these possible actions are currently indeterminable, the Company expects to be able to manage and adjust its capital structure in the future to meet its liquidity needs.

Historically, we have been able to generate sufficient cash to fund our operations, mandatory debt and interest payments, capital expenditures, and discretionary funding needs. However, due to fluctuations in cash flows, including as a result of the trends and developments described above under "—Factors and Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations" relating to U.S. government shutdowns, U.S. government cost-cutting, reductions or delays in the U.S. government appropriations and spending process and other budgetary matters, it may be necessary from time-to-time in the future to borrow under our Secured Credit Facility to meet cash demands. While the timing and financial magnitude of these possible actions are currently indeterminable, we expect to be able to manage and adjust our capital structure to meet our liquidity needs. Our expected liquidity and capital structure may also be impacted by discretionary investments and acquisitions that we could pursue. We anticipate that cash provided by operating activities, existing cash and cash equivalents, and borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for the next twelve months, which primarily include:

•operating expenses, including salaries;

•working capital requirements to fund the growth of our business;

•capital expenditures which primarily relate to the purchase of computers, business systems, furniture and leasehold improvements to support our operations;

•the implementation and operation of new financial management systems;

•commitments and other discretionary investments;

•debt service requirements for borrowings under our Secured Credit Facility and interest payments for the Senior Notes due 2029 and the Senior Notes due 2028; and

•cash taxes to be paid.

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Our ability to fund our operating needs depends, in part, on our ability to continue to generate positive cash flows from operations or, if necessary, raise cash in the capital markets. In addition, from time to time we evaluate conditions to opportunistically access the financing markets to secure additional debt capital resources and improve the terms of our indebtedness.

Cash Flows

Cash received from clients, either from the payment of invoices for work performed or for advances in excess of costs incurred, is our primary source of cash. We generally do not begin work on contracts until funding is appropriated by the client. Billing timetables and payment terms on our contracts vary based on a number of factors, including whether the contract type is cost-reimbursable, time-and-materials, or fixed-price. We generally bill and collect cash more frequently under cost-reimbursable and time-and-materials contracts, as we are authorized to bill as the costs are incurred or work is performed. In contrast, we may be limited to bill certain fixed-price contracts only when specified milestones, including deliveries, are achieved. In addition, a number of our contracts may provide for performance-based payments, which allow us to bill and collect cash prior to completing the work.

Accounts receivable is the principal component of our working capital and is generally driven by revenue growth with other short-term fluctuations related to the payment practices of our clients. Our accounts receivable reflects amounts billed to our clients as of each balance sheet date. Our clients generally pay our invoices within 30 days of the invoice date, although we experience a longer billing and collection cycle with our global commercial customers. At any month-end, we also include in accounts receivable the revenue that was recognized in the preceding month, which is generally billed early in the following month. Finally, we include in accounts receivable amounts related to revenue accrued in excess of amounts billed, primarily on our fixed-price and cost-reimbursable-plus-award-fee contracts. The total amount of our accounts receivable can vary significantly over time, but is generally sensitive to revenue levels and customer mix.

Operating Cash Flow

Net cash provided by operations is primarily affected by the overall profitability of our contracts, our ability to invoice and collect cash from clients in a timely manner, our ability to manage our vendor payments and the timing of cash paid for income taxes. Continued uncertainty in global economic conditions, as well as any impact on the budget and debt ceiling pending Congressional negotiations, including any impact as a result of new legislation extending the date on which the U.S. government's debt limit expires to December 3, 2021, may also affect our business as customers and suppliers may decide to downsize, defer, or cancel contracts, which could negatively affect the operating cash flows. Net cash provided by operations was $459.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $566.0 million in the prior year period. The decrease in operating cash flows was primarily driven by lower collections on accounts receivable, largely attributable to timing around receivables associated with the integration of our new enterprise financial system, as well as approximately $80.5 million of acquisition costs incurred and paid during fiscal 2022, primarily associated with our acquisition of Liberty. These impacts were partially offset by lower disbursements in the first half of fiscal 2022.

Investing Cash Flow

Net cash used in investing activities was $811.3 million in the six months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $38.1 million in the prior year period. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to the Company's acquisitions of Liberty and Tracepoint, partially offset by a decrease in capital expenditures over the prior period, driven by lower spend related to the implementation of our new financial management systems on April 1, 2021 as compared to the prior year period, as well as lower facilities expenses reflecting the investment in technology and tools needed to support the virtual work environment.

Financing Cash Flow

Net cash provided by financing activities was $149.3 million in the six months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $5.3 million in the prior year period. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to an increase in net proceeds of $152.2 million received from the fiscal 2022 issuance of the Senior Notes due 2029 as compared to the proceeds received from the fiscal 2021 issuance of the Senior Notes due 2028 and a $20.9 million decrease in payments on the Company's term loans over the prior year period. This was partially offset by a $100.0 million draw on the Revolving Credit Facility in the prior year and an increase in share repurchases of $116.1 million as compared to the prior year period.

Dividends and Share Repurchases

On October 29, 2021, the Company announced a regular quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.37 per share. The quarterly dividend is payable on December 2, 2021 to stockholders of record on November 15, 2021.

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During the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, quarterly cash dividends of $0.37 and $0.74 per share, respectively, were declared and paid totaling $51.2 million and $101.9 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, quarterly cash dividends of $0.31 and $0.62 per share, respectively, were declared and paid totaling $43.0 million and $86.8 million.

On December 12, 2011, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, which was most recently increased to $1,710.0 million on January 27, 2021. The Company may repurchase shares pursuant to the program by means of open market repurchases, directly negotiated repurchases or through agents acting pursuant to negotiated repurchase agreements. During the first half of fiscal 2022, the Company purchased 2.4 million shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock for an aggregate of $203.7 million. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had approximately $387.8 million of remaining capacity under its repurchase program.

Any determination to pursue one or more of the above alternative uses for excess cash is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors, and will depend upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity requirements, restrictions that may be imposed by applicable law, our contracts, and our Credit Agreement as amended and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

Indebtedness

On June 24, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. ("Booz Allen Hamilton"), Booz Allen Hamilton Investor Corporation, and certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of Booz Allen Hamilton, entered into the eighth amendment (the "Eighth Amendment") to the Credit Agreement dated as of July 31, 2012, as amended (the "Existing Credit Agreement" and, as amended, the "Credit Agreement"), with certain institutional lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. The Eighth Amendment added an additional tier in the pricing grid and extended the maturity applicable to both the Term Loan A (the "Term Loan A") and revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") to June 24, 2026, increased the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility and the letter of credit sublimit thereunder, and made certain other amendments to the financial covenants and other terms under the Existing Credit Agreement. The interest rate and maturity date applicable to the Term Loan B (the "Term Loan B" and, together with the Term Loan A, the "Term Loans") remained unchanged.

As of September 30, 2021, the Credit Agreement provided Booz Allen Hamilton with a $1,273.6 million Term Loan A, a $382.3 million Term Loan B, and $1,000.0 million in New Revolving Commitments with a sub-limit for letters of credit of $200.0 million (collectively, the "Secured Credit Facility"). As of September 30, 2021, the maturity date of Term Loan B was November 26, 2026. Booz Allen Hamilton’s obligations and the guarantors’ guarantees under the Credit Agreement (the "Guarantee") are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets (including capital stock of subsidiaries) of Booz Allen Hamilton, Investor and the subsidiary guarantors, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement and related documentation. Subject to specified conditions, without the consent of the then-existing lenders (but subject to the receipt of commitments), the Term Loans or the Revolving Credit Facility may be expanded (or a new term loan facility or revolving credit facility added to the existing facilities) by up to (i) the greater of (x) $909 million and (y) 100% of consolidated EBITDA of Booz Allen Hamilton, as of the end of the most recently ended four quarter period for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to the Credit Agreement plus (ii) the aggregate principal amount under which pro forma consolidated net senior secured leverage remains less than or equal to 3.50:1.00.

At Booz Allen Hamilton's option, borrowings under the Term Loan A and the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest based either on LIBOR (adjusted for maximum reserves, and subject to a floor of zero) for the applicable interest period or a base rate equal to the highest of (i) the administrative agent’s prime corporate rate, (ii) the overnight federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (iii) three-month LIBOR (adjusted for maximum reserves, and subject to a floor of zero) plus 1.00%), in each case plus an applicable margin, payable at the end of the applicable interest period and in any event at least quarterly. The applicable margin for Term Loan A and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility ranges from 1.125% to 2.00% for LIBOR loans and 0.125% to 1.00% for base rate loans, in each case based on Booz Allen Hamilton’s consolidated total net leverage ratio. Unused commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility are subject to a quarterly fee ranging from 0.175% to 0.35% based on Booz Allen Hamilton’s consolidated total net leverage ratio. Booz Allen Hamilton also agreed to pay customary letter of credit and agency fees. The applicable margin for Term Loan B is 1.75% for LIBOR loans and 0.75% for base rate loans.

Booz Allen Hamilton occasionally borrows under the Revolving Credit Facility in anticipation of cash demands. For the three months ended September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton did not access its Revolving Credit Facility. For the six months ended September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton accessed $60.0 million of its Revolving Credit Facility, which was repaid in June 2021. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, Booz Allen Hamilton did not access its Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, there was no outstanding balance on the Revolving Credit Facility.

The Credit Agreement requires quarterly principal payments of 1.25% of the stated principal amount of Term Loan A until maturity and quarterly principal payments of 0.25% of the stated principal amount of Term Loan B until maturity.

As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton was contingently liable under open standby letters of credit and bank guarantees issued by its banks in favor of third parties that totaled $8.2 million and $9.8 million,

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respectively. These letters of credit and bank guarantees primarily support insurance and bid and performance obligations. For both September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, approximately $0.9 million, of these instruments reduced the available borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility. The remainder is guaranteed under a separate $20.0 million facility of which $12.7 million and $11.1 million, respectively, was available to Booz Allen Hamilton at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton had $999.1 million of capacity available for additional borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants. The negative covenants include limitations on the following, in each case subject to certain exceptions: (i) indebtedness and liens; (ii) mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, liquidations, wind-ups or dissolutions, and disposition of all or substantially all assets; (iii) dispositions of property; (iv) restricted payments; (v) investments; (vi) transactions with affiliates; (vii) change in fiscal periods; (viii) negative pledges; (ix) restrictive agreements; (x) line of business; and (xi) speculative hedging. The events of default include the following, in each case subject to certain exceptions: (a) failure to make required payments under the Secured Credit Facility; (b) material breaches of representations or warranties under the Secured Credit Facility; (c) failure to observe covenants or agreements under the Secured Credit Facility; (d) failure to pay or default under certain other material indebtedness; (e) bankruptcy or insolvency; (f) certain Employee Retirement Income Security Act, or ERISA events; (g) certain material judgments; (h) actual or asserted invalidity of the Guarantee and collateral agreements or the other security documents or failure of the guarantees or perfected liens thereunder; and (i) a change of control. Booz Allen Hamilton is required to meet certain financial covenants at each quarter end, namely consolidated net total leverage and consolidated net interest coverage ratios. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, we were compliant with these covenants.

Borrowings under the Term Loans and, if used, the Revolving Credit Facility, incur interest at a variable rate. In accordance with Booz Allen Hamilton's risk management strategy, Booz Allen Hamilton executed a series of interest rate swaps. As of September 30, 2021, Booz Allen Hamilton had interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $700.0 million. These instruments hedge the variability of cash outflows for interest payments on the Term Loans and Revolving Credit Facility. The Company's objectives in using cash flow hedges are to reduce volatility due to interest rate movements and to add stability to interest expense (See Note 9 to our condensed consolidated financial statements).

Interest is payable on the Senior Notes due 2029 semi-annually in cash in arrears on July 1 and January 1 of each

year, beginning on January 1, 2022. In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes due 2029, the Company

recognized $6.5 million of issuance costs, which were recorded as an offset against the carrying value of debt and will be

amortized to interest expense over the term of the Senior Notes due 2029.

On August 24, 2020, Booz Allen Hamilton issued $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.875% Senior Notes due 2028 (the “Senior Notes due 2028”). Interest is payable on the Senior Notes due 2028 semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on March 1, 2021, and the principal is due at maturity on September 1, 2028. In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes due 2028, the Company recognized $9.2 million of issuance costs, which were recorded as an offset against the carrying value of the debt and will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the Senior Notes due 2028. Booz Allen Hamilton used a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes due 2028 to redeem in full $350 million aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Notes due 2025 and used the remaining net proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes due 2028 for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

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Capital Structure and Resources

Our stockholders’ equity amounted to $1,048.1 million as of September 30, 2021, a decrease of $23.1 million compared to stockholders’ equity of $1,071.2 million as of March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to $217.0 million in treasury stock resulting from the repurchase of shares of our Class A Common Stock, and $101.8 million in quarterly dividend payments for the six months ended September 30, 2021, partially offset by net income of $246.9 million, stock-based compensation expense of $28.4 million, and issuance of common stock of 10.3 million during the six months ended September 30, 2021.

Capital Expenditures

Since we do not own any of our facilities, our capital expenditure requirements primarily relate to the purchase of computers, management systems, furniture, and leasehold improvements to support our operations. Direct facility and equipment costs billed to clients are not treated as capital expenditures. Our capital expenditures for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $29.7 million and $38.1 million, respectively. The decrease in capital expenditures was primarily driven by lower spend related to the implementation of our new financial management systems on April 1, 2021 as compared to the prior year period, as well as lower facilities expenses reflecting the investment in technology and tools needed to support the virtual work environment.

Commitments and Contingencies

We are subject to a number of reviews, investigations, claims, lawsuits, and other uncertainties related to our business. For a discussion of these items, refer to Note 17 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements contained or incorporated in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Quarterly Report, include forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “forecasts,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “projects,” “outlook,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “preliminary,” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give you no assurance these expectations will prove to have been correct. These forward-looking statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and other factors include:

•any issue that compromises our relationships with the U.S. government or damages our professional reputation, including negative publicity concerning government contractors in general or us in particular;

•changes in U.S. government spending, including a continuation of efforts by the U.S. government to decrease spending for management support service contracts, and mission priorities that shift expenditures away from agencies or programs that we support, or as a result of the U.S. administration transition;

•efforts by Congress and other U.S. government bodies to reduce U.S. government spending and address budgetary constraints and the U.S. deficit, as well as associated uncertainty around the timing, extent, nature and effect of such efforts;

•delayed funding of our contracts due to uncertainty relating to funding of the U.S. government and a possible failure of Congressional efforts to approve such funding and to craft a long-term agreement on the U.S. government’s ability to incur indebtedness in excess of its current limits, prior to December 3, 2021, the date on which legislation relating to the U.S. government's debt limit expires, or changes in the pattern or timing of government funding and spending;

•U.S. government shutdowns, as a result of the failure by elected officials to fund the government;

•failure to comply with numerous laws and regulations, including but not limited to, the Federal Acquisition Regulation ("FAR"), the False Claims Act, the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement and FAR Cost Accounting Standards and Cost Principles;

•the effects of COVID-19, and other pandemics or widespread health epidemics, including disruptions to our workforce and the impact on government spending and demand for our solutions, as well as the impact of our Company policy requiring full COVID-19 vaccinations of all employees, except for employees who qualify for medical or religious exemptions;

•our ability to compete effectively in the competitive bidding process and delays or losses of contract awards caused by competitors' protests of major contract awards received by us;

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•variable purchasing patterns under U.S. government General Services Administration Multiple Award schedule contracts, or GSA schedules, blanket purchase agreements and indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity, or IDIQ contracts;

•the loss of GSA schedules or our position as prime contractor on government-wide acquisition contract vehicles, or GWACs;

•changes in the mix of our contracts and our ability to accurately estimate or otherwise recover expenses, time, and resources for our contracts;

•changes in estimates used in recognizing revenue;

•our ability to realize the full value of and replenish our backlog, generate revenue under certain of our contracts, and the timing of our receipt of revenue under contracts included in backlog;

•internal system or service failures and security breaches, including, but not limited to, those resulting from external or internal cyber attacks on our network and internal systems;

•risks related to the implementation and operation of new financial management systems;

•an inability to attract, train, or retain employees with the requisite skills and experience;

•an inability to timely hire, assimilate and effectively utilize our employees, ensure that employees obtain and maintain necessary security clearances and/or effectively manage our cost structure;

•the loss of members of senior management or failure to develop new leaders;

•misconduct or other improper activities from our employees or subcontractors, including the improper use or release of our clients' sensitive or classified information;

•increased competition from other companies in our industry;

•failure to maintain strong relationships with other contractors, or the failure of contractors with which we have entered into a sub- or prime- contractor relationship to meet their obligations to us or our clients;

•inherent uncertainties and potential adverse developments in legal or regulatory proceedings, including litigation, audits, reviews, and investigations, which may result in materially adverse judgments, settlements, withheld payments, penalties, or other unfavorable outcomes including debarment, as well as disputes over the availability of insurance or indemnification;

•failure to comply with special U.S. government laws and regulations relating to our international operations;

•risks associated with increased competition, new relationships, clients, capabilities, and service offerings in our U.S. and international businesses;

•risks related to changes to our operating structure, capabilities, or strategy intended to address client needs, grow our business or respond to market developments;

•the adoption by the U.S. government of new laws, rules, and regulations, such as those relating to organizational conflicts of interest issues or limits;

•risks related to completed and future acquisitions, including our ability to realize the expected benefits from such acquisitions;

•the incurrence of additional tax liabilities, including as a result of changes in tax laws or management judgments involving complex tax matters;

•risks inherent in the government contracting environment;

•continued efforts to change how the U.S. government reimburses compensation related costs and other expenses or otherwise limits such reimbursements and an increased risk of compensation being deemed unreasonable and unallowable or payments being withheld as a result of U.S. government audit, review, or investigation;

•increased insourcing by various U.S. government agencies due to changes in the definition of “inherently governmental” work, including proposals to limit contractor access to sensitive or classified information and work assignments;

•the size of our addressable markets and the amount of U.S. government spending on private contractors;

•risks related to our indebtedness and credit facilities which contain financial and operating covenants;

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•the impact of changes in accounting rules and regulations, or interpretations thereof, that may affect the way we recognize and report our financial results, including changes in accounting rules governing recognition of revenue; and

•other risks and factors listed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

In light of these risks, uncertainties and other factors, the forward-looking statements might not prove to be accurate and you should not place undue reliance upon them. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made and we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the information disclosed in the Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk section in Part II, “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 21, 2021.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the first quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company implemented new accounting and procurement systems. As part of the implementation, we have designed new internal controls and modified and/or enhanced existing internal controls in order to align with the new systems and business processes. The Company does not believe this implementation has had or will have a material adverse effect on the Company's internal control over financial reporting in the future. Except as disclosed above, there have not been any additional changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Our performance under U.S. government contracts and compliance with the terms of those contracts and applicable laws and regulations are subject to continuous audit, review, and investigation by the U.S. government which may include such investigative techniques as subpoenas or civil investigative demands. Given the nature of our business, these audits, reviews, and investigations may focus, among other areas, on various aspects of procurement integrity, labor time reporting, sensitive and/or classified information access and control, executive compensation, and post government employment restrictions. We are not always aware of our status in such matters, but we are currently aware of certain pending audits and investigations involving labor time reporting, procurement integrity, and classified information access. In addition, from time to time, we are also involved in legal proceedings and investigations arising in the ordinary course of business, including those relating to employment matters, relationships with clients and contractors, intellectual property disputes, and other business matters. These legal proceedings seek various remedies, including claims for monetary damages in varying amounts, none of which are considered material, or are unspecified as to amount. Although the outcome of any such matter is inherently uncertain and may be materially adverse, based on current information, we do not expect any of the currently ongoing audits, reviews, investigations, or litigation to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. As of September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, there were no material amounts accrued in the condensed consolidated financial statements related to these proceedings.

On June 7, 2017, Booz Allen Hamilton was informed that the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) is conducting a civil and criminal investigation of the Company. In connection with the investigation, the DOJ has requested information from the Company relating to certain elements of the Company’s cost accounting and indirect cost charging practices with the U.S. government. Since learning of the investigation, the Company has engaged a law firm experienced in these matters to represent the Company in connection with this matter and respond to the government's requests. As is commonly the case with this type of matter, the Company has also been in contact with other regulatory agencies and bodies, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, which notified the Company that it is conducting an investigation that the Company believes relates to the matters that are also the subject of the DOJ's investigation. The Company may receive additional regulatory or governmental inquiries related to the matters that are the subject of the DOJ's investigation. In accordance with the Company's practice, the Company is cooperating with all relevant government parties. On May 12, 2021, the Company was informed that the DOJ has closed its criminal investigation. The total cost associated with these matters will depend on many factors, including the duration of these matters and any related findings. At this stage, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the expected amount or range of cost or any loss associated with these matters.

On June 19, 2017, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a putative class action lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia styled Langley v. Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corp., No. 17-cv-00696 naming the Company, its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer as defendants purportedly on behalf of all purchasers of the Company’s securities from May 19, 2016 through June 15, 2017. On September 5, 2017, the court named two lead plaintiffs, and on October 20, 2017, the lead plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint. The complaint asserts claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, alleging misrepresentations or omissions by the Company purporting to relate to matters that are the subject of the DOJ investigation described above. The plaintiffs seek to recover from the Company and the individual defendants an unspecified amount of damages. The Company believes the suit lacks merit and intends to defend against the lawsuit. Motions to dismiss were argued on January 12, 2018, and on February 8, 2018, the court dismissed the amended complaint in its entirety without prejudice. At this stage of the lawsuit, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the expected amount or range of cost or any loss associated with the lawsuit.

On November 13, 2017, a Verified Shareholder Derivative Complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware styled Celine Thum v. Rozanski et al., C.A. No. 17-cv-01638, naming the Company as a nominal defendant and numerous current and former officers and directors as defendants. The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duties, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, and violations of Sections 14(a), 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act, purportedly relating to matters that are the subject of the DOJ investigation described above. The parties have stipulated to a stay of the proceedings pending the outcome of the securities litigation (described above), which the court so ordered on January 24, 2018. On December 12, 2019, the court ordered that the stay remain in effect and ordered the parties to submit periodic status reports. On May 27, 2020, November 23, 2020, and May 24, 2021, the parties submitted status reports stating that plaintiff believes the stay should remain in effect and defendants do not object to the stay remaining in effect. At this stage of the lawsuit, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the expected amount or range of cost or any loss associated with the lawsuit.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 21, 2021 includes a discussion of our risk factors. The information presented below updates, and should be read in conjunction with, the risk factors and information disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on 10-K.

The effects of a pandemic or widespread health epidemic such as COVID-19 could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

COVID-19, which in fiscal 2020 was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization and declared a national emergency by the U.S. government, and ongoing attempts to contain and reduce its spread, such as mandatory closures, "shelter-in-place" orders and travel and quarantine restrictions, have caused significant volatility, uncertainty, disruption, and other adverse effects on the U.S. and global economies, including impacts to supply chains, customer demand, international trade, and capital markets. These effects have adversely affected certain of our business operations, may further adversely affect our business operations, and may materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and equity. COVID-19 has continued to spread across the globe and is continuing to impact worldwide economic activity and financial markets.

In light of the uncertain and evolving situation relating to COVID-19, we have taken precautionary measures intended to minimize the risk of the virus to our employees, our clients and the communities in which we operate, which could negatively impact our business. While many of our employees are able to work remotely, others are unable to work remotely because of unique client requirements, and many of those employees either have continued to work on site or have now returned to on site based upon client reconstitution plans. Our employees' ability to support on site work remains subject to ongoing reconstitution planning, and we have seen reversal of reconstitutions as COVID-19 continues. Consistent with public health guidance and Executive Order 14042 mandating COVID-19 vaccination for employees of businesses servicing federal contracts, we have announced a Company policy requiring full COVID-19 vaccinations of all employees, except for employees who qualify for medical or religious exemptions. This policy could impair our ability to perform certain contractual services, to retain such contracts, and to win new business. See “—We may fail to attract, train, and retain skilled and qualified employees, which may impair our ability to generate revenue, effectively serve our clients, and execute our growth strategy.” In addition, some of our employees, clients, and subcontractors are located in foreign countries, which may be impacted differently from the United States, including through more severe or prolonged restrictions on working or traveling. Although we continue to monitor the situation in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate and may adjust our current policies as more information and public health guidance become available, temporarily suspending travel and doing business in person could challenge our ability to enter into or perform under contracts in a timely manner, slow down our recruiting efforts, or create operational or other challenges, any of which could harm our business and results of operations. Although the Company has business continuity plans and other safeguards in place, there is no assurance that such plans and safeguards will be effective or that such measures will not adversely affect our operations or long-term plans. In addition, as local conditions and regulations begin to permit the return of employees to business generally, our workforce may not be able to return to work in person immediately, if at all, or may instead choose to pursue competing employment opportunities, including as a result of transportation, childcare, and ongoing health issues, which could negatively affect our business.

More generally, COVID-19 could continue to adversely affect economies and financial markets globally, potentially leading to an economic downturn, which could decrease government spending and adversely affect demand for our solutions and harm our business and results of operations. While the U.S. and local government agencies have enacted several emergency relief programs designed to combat the economic impact of COVID-19, the long-term effect of such spending is inherently uncertain and could result in future budgetary restrictions.

In addition, COVID-19 may disrupt the operations of our suppliers, vendors, service providers, and subcontractors for an indefinite period of time, including as a result of travel restrictions, business shutdowns or lack of access to financial markets, all of which could negatively impact our business and results of operations. Any inability to develop alternative sources of supply on a cost-effective and timely basis could materially impair our ability to manufacture and deliver products, systems, and services to our clients. We are also subject to federal and state laws and regulations enacted in response to the outbreak, such as the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act"), which contains a provision that allows U.S. government contractors to seek specified reimbursement for certain employees who are unable to perform their contract requirements at their designated work locations due to facility closures or restrictions as a result of COVID-19 and cannot perform such work remotely. The legislation enables but does not mandate reimbursement for such costs, and agency guidance has imposed certain restrictions. Further, the relief contemplated under the provision does not extend past September 30, 2021. Although we cannot currently predict the overall impact of COVID-19 and vaccine rollout, the longer the duration of the event, the more likely it is that it could have an adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, billable expenses, and/or cash flows.

We expect COVID-19 to continue to negatively impact our business and results of operations and are unable to predict how long or with what degree of severity that impact will continue. The duration and extent of COVID-19 will depend on future developments outside of our control, including the availability of effective treatments, the effectiveness and adoption of available vaccines, and the evolutionary development of COVID-19 or related viruses, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

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We may fail to attract, train, and retain skilled and qualified employees, which may impair our ability to generate revenue, effectively serve our clients, and execute our growth strategy.

Our business depends in large part upon our ability to attract and retain sufficient numbers of highly qualified individuals who may have advanced degrees in areas such as information technology as well as appropriate security clearances. We compete for such qualified personnel with other U.S. government contractors, the U.S. government, and private industry, and such competition is intense. Personnel with the requisite skills, qualifications, or security clearance may be in short supply or generally unavailable. The government and industry have recognized that the current process for obtaining security clearances is time-consuming, sometimes taking years to complete, and can present a risk to customer mission. See Part I, "Item 1A: Risk Factors," "Industry and Economic Risks," "—We may fail to obtain and maintain necessary security clearances which may adversely affect our ability to perform on certain contracts" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021.

Our ability to attract and retain skilled and qualified employees may also be impacted by our engagements in, or perceived connections to, politically or socially sensitive activities. In addition, our ability to recruit, hire, and internally deploy former employees of the U.S. government is subject to complex laws and regulations, which may serve as an impediment to our ability to attract such former employees, and failure to comply with these laws and regulations may expose us and our employees to civil or criminal penalties. Additionally, our ability to attract, hire, and retain skilled and qualified employees may be impacted by COVID-19, including whether an employment opportunity requires work in person and related considerations. See “—The effects of a pandemic or widespread health epidemic such as COVID-19 could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.” In particular, we are subject to Executive Order 14042, which mandates vaccinations for employees of businesses servicing federal contracts, except for employees who qualify for medical or religious exemptions. Consistent with public health guidance and in light of this vaccine mandate, we have announced a Company policy requiring full COVID-19 vaccinations of all employees, except for employees who qualify for medical or religious exemptions.

If we are unable to recruit and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees, or cannot obtain their appropriate security clearances in a timely manner, or fail to deploy such employees, our ability to maintain and grow our business and to effectively serve our clients could be limited and our future revenue and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, to the extent that we are unable to make necessary permanent hires to appropriately serve our clients, we could be required to engage larger numbers of contracted personnel, which could reduce our profit margins.

If we are able to attract sufficient numbers of qualified new hires, training and retention costs may place significant demands on our resources. In addition, to the extent that we experience attrition in our employee ranks, we may realize only a limited or no return on such invested resources, and we would have to expend additional resources to hire and train replacement employees. The loss of services of key personnel could also impair our ability to perform required services under some of our contracts and to retain such contracts, as well as our ability to win new business.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table shows the share repurchase activity during the three months ended September 30, 2021:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
July 2021	324,705	$86.36	324,705	$	468,307,996
August 2021	489,014	$82.84	489,014	$	427,796,479
September 2021	489,273	$81.75	489,273	$	387,796,482
Total	1,302,992		1,302,992

(1)On December 12, 2011, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, which was most recently increased to $1,710.0 million on January 27, 2021. A special committee of the Board of Directors was appointed to evaluate market conditions and other relevant factors and initiate repurchases under the program from time to time. The share repurchase program may be suspended, modified or discontinued at any time at the Company’s discretion without prior notice.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None

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Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number						Description

31.1						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer*

31.2						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer*

32.1						Certification of the Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350)*

32.2						Certification of the Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350)*

101						The following materials from Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020; and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

___________________________________

* Filed electronically herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


		Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation
		Registrant


Date: October 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Lloyd W. Howell, Jr.
		Lloyd W. Howell, Jr. Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)

Document

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Horacio D. Rozanski, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation.

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: October 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Horacio D. Rozanski
		Horacio D. Rozanski President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Document

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Lloyd W. Howell, Jr., certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation.

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: October 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Lloyd W. Howell, Jr.
		Lloyd W. Howell, Jr. Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)

Document

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)

In connection with the report on Form 10-Q of Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company certifies, to the best of his knowledge and belief pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Date: October 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Horacio D. Rozanski
		Horacio D. Rozanski President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation and will be retained by Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Document

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)

In connection with the report on Form 10-Q of Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company certifies, to the best of his knowledge and belief pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Date: October 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Lloyd W. Howell, Jr.
		Lloyd W. Howell, Jr. Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)